超高速激光熔覆镍基合金涂层组织性能及抗高温冲蚀性能  

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and High-Temperature Erosion Resistant Performance of Ni-Based Alloy Coating Prepared by Ultra-High Speed Laser Cladding

作　　者：李勇[1] 刘福广[1] 常哲 杨二娟[1] 许有海 刘国刚 刘冠红 姜提会 韩天鹏 坚永鑫 LI Yong;LIU Fu-guang;CHANG Zhe;YANG Er-juan;XU You-hai;LIU Guo-gang;LIU Guan-hong;JIANG Ti-hui;HAN Tian-peng;JIAN Yong-xin(Xi′an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Wuhai Thermal Power Plant,Inner Mongolia Mengdian Huaneng Thermal Power Co.,Ltd.,Wuhai 016000,Inner Mongolia,China;Dezhou Thermal Power Plant,Huaneng International Power Co.,Ltd.,Dezhou 253001,Shandong,China;China Coal Hami Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Hami 839000,Xinjiang,China;State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054 [2]内蒙古蒙电华能热电股份有限公司乌海发电厂,内蒙古乌海016000 [3]华能国际电力股份有限公司德州电厂,山东德州253001 [4]中煤哈密发电有限公司,新疆哈密839000 [5]西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院,金属材料强度国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《铸造》2025年第3期335-343,共9页Foundry

基　　金：中国华能集团总部科技项目(HNKJ21-H77);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-360)。

摘　　要：针对火电锅炉受热面飞灰冲蚀损伤,利用超高速激光熔覆在15CrMo钢管表面制备了具有优异抗高温冲蚀性能的镍基合金涂层。利用SEM、EDS、EBSD等对涂层显微组织进行分析,进而评价了超镍基合金涂层的力学和抗高温冲蚀磨损性能。研究表明:超高速激光熔覆镍基合金涂层具有较薄的厚度(约为215μm)和低表面粗糙度(14.56μm),且涂层内部与界面处无明显裂纹。涂层主要由γ-Ni枝晶和晶间Laves相组成,γ-Ni晶粒逐渐由涂层界面的平面晶转变为表面的等轴晶形态。涂层平均硬度为HV 328.07,约为15CrMo钢基体的1.8倍,且其与基材界面剪切强度为414.26 MPa,证明其强界面结合。在600℃下涂层表现出优异的抗固态颗粒冲蚀性能,冲蚀体积损失比基体降低约63%,主要源于其高硬度和抗高温氧化性能。To solve the fly-ash erosion damage of the heating surface in thermal power boiler,nickel-based alloy coating with excellent high temperature erosion resistance was prepared on the surface of 15CrMo steel pipe by ultra-high speed laser cladding technology.The microstructures of the coating were analyzed by SEM,EDS,EBSD and so on,and the mechanical properties and high temperature erosion resistance of the coating were further studied.The results show that the coating have thinner thickness(215μm)and low surface roughness(14.56μm),and there is no obvious crack inside the coating and at the interface.The coating is mainly composed ofγ-Ni dendrites and intergranular Laves phases,and from the coating interface to the surface,γ-Ni grains gradually transform from the planar crystal morphologies near the interface of the coating to the equiaxed crystal morphologies near the surface of the coating.The average hardness of the coating is about 328.07HV,which is about 1.8 times that of 15CrMo steel.The average shear strength at the interface between the coating and the substrate is 414.26 MPa,which proves that the coating has good metallurgical bonding characteristics.The coating showed better resistance to solid particle erosion at 600℃,and the volume loss of erosion was about 63%less than that of substrate.This is mainly attributed to its high hardness and high temperature oxidation resistance.

关 键 词：超高速激光熔覆 镍基合金涂层 显微组织 力学性能 高温冲蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG17[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]