基于典型样区分析近50年三江源区高寒草甸退化特征  

Analysis of the degradation characteristics of alpine meadows in headwater regions of Three Rivers in China in the last 50 years based on typical sample areas

作　　者：熊增连 乔占明 赖锋 郑敏 蔡延玲 XIONG Zeng-lian;QAO Zhan-ming;LAI Feng;ZHENG min;CAI Yan-ling(Qinghai Provincial Natural Resources Survey and Monitoring Institute,Xining 810000,China;Geomatics Technology and Application Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province,Xining 810000,China;Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省自然资源综合调查监测院,青海西宁810000 [2]青海省地理空间信息技术与应用重点实验室,青海西宁810000 [3]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [4]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期44-49,共6页Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国科学院2023年度“西部之光”人才培养计划“西部青年学者”项目(青科发规〔2024〕16号)。

摘　　要：选用10个典型样区,以1972-2019年共13期陆地卫星(Landsat)影像数据为基础,获取近50a高寒草甸退化长时间序列空间数据集.结合关键地形和气象数据探讨三江源区不同地形条件下高寒草甸退化特征.结果表明:(1)近50a来高寒草甸退化在持续发生,但退化程度有所减缓.退化集中发生在1980-2000年间,2000年后退化面积保持平稳.(2)从地形特征看,退化主要发生在4000~4500m高程范围内,其中4300~4400m高程范围内最明显,退化率高达39.06%.坡度为10°是高寒草甸退化率加速的明显节点,当坡度大于10°后,退化率开始上升.(3)气候暖干化是高寒草甸退化的一项重要驱动,位于黄南州内的典型样区呈现降水量和气温较高的特征,草甸呈现微弱的恢复态势.In this paper,ten typical sample areas were used,and a total of 13 issues of Landsat image data from 1972-2019 were used as the basis to obtain a long-time series spatial dataset of alpine meadow degradation in the last 50 years.The key topographic and meteorological data were combined to explore the characteristics of alpine meadow degradation under different topographic conditions in the Three Rivers.The results showed that:(1)Alpine meadow degradation has occurred continuously in the past 50 years,but the degradation degree has slowed down.The degradation was concentrated in the 1980s-2000,and the degraded area remained stable after 2000.(2)From the topographic features,degradation mainly occurred in the range of 4000~4500m,among which the most obvious in the range of 4300~4400 elevation,the degradation rate is as high as 39.06%.The slope of 10°is the significant node of the accelerated degradation rate of the alpine meadow,and the degradation rate starts to rise when the slope is greater than 10°.(3)Climate warming and drying is an important drivers of alpine meadow degradation.The typical sample area within Huangnan Prefecture showed higher precipitation and temperature,and the meadow showed a weak recovery trend.

关 键 词：三江源 遥感影像 高寒草甸 地形特征 

分 类 号：P236[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]