2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区麻腮风减毒活疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Analysis of adverse events following immunization with measles,mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine in Longquanyi District of Chengdu from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：马建明 MA Jianming(Longquanyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 510112,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市龙泉驿区疾病预防控制中心,成都510112

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第3期347-351,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区麻腮风减毒活疫苗(Measles,mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine,MMR)疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse event following immunization,AEFI)发生情况,了解其安全性。方法通过四川省免疫规划信息管理系统和中国疑似预防接种异常反应监测系统收集2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区MMR接种剂次数和AEFI个案,进行描述性流行病学分析。运用SAS 9.4软件统计分析麻腮风减毒活疫苗AEFI报告发生率、构成比等指标,采用χ^(2)检验对各年报告发生率进行比较,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区共接种麻腮风减毒活疫苗126234剂,其中3981剂为不及时接种,共报告麻腮风减毒活疫苗AEFI个案190例,男女性别比为1.21∶1,年平均报告发生率为144.72/10万剂,其中2019、2020、2021、2022和2023年报告发生率分别为123.47/10万剂(31例)、146.7/10万剂(46例)、178.34/10万剂(50例)、165.31/10万剂(36例)和109.76/10万剂(27例),各年间报告发生率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.686,P=0.224);接种后一般反应157例(124.37/10万剂),临床症状以发热为主;异常反应30例(23.77/10万剂),临床诊断主要为过敏性皮疹;偶合症3例(2.38/10万剂);无严重AEFI、死亡病例。接种至出现症状的时间间隔主要集中在0~2天,有146例(占76.84%)。结论2019—2023年成都市龙泉驿区MMR的AEFI趋势稳定,不良反应主要为一般反应,临床症状轻微,安全性良好,但仍需继续加强AEFI监测。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of adverse events following immunization with Measles,mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine in Longquany District of Chengdu from 2019 to 2023,and to understand its safety.Methods The number of MMR vaccine doses and AEFI cases in Longquanyi District,Chengdu from 2019 to 2023 were collected from the Sichuan Provincial Immunization Planning Information Management System and the China Suspected Adverse Reaction Monitoring System for Vaccination.Descriptive statistics were performed by using SAS 9.4 software to analyze the incidence rate and constituent ratio of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)of the live attenuated measles,mumps and rubella vaccine.Chi-square test was to compare the reported incidence rates in each year.P value of<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results A total of 126234 doses of attenuated live vaccine were administered in Longquanyi District of Chengdu from 2019 to 2023,including 3981 doses not vaccinated in time.A total of 190 AEFI cases of attenuated live MMR vaccine were reported,with a sex ratio of 1.21∶1.The average annual reported incidence was 144.72/10~5 doses,Specifically,the reported rates in 2019,2020,2021,2022 and 2023 were 123.47/10~5 doses(31 cases),146.7/10~5(46 cases),178.34/10~5(50 cases),165.31/10~5(36 cases)and 109.76/10~5(27 cases),respectively.There was no significant difference in the reported incidence between the years(χ^(2)=5.686,P=0.224>0.05).There were 157 general reactions(124.37/10~5 doses);clinical symptoms were mainly fever,30(23.77/10~5 doses),and clinical diagnosis was mainly allergic rash,3(238/10~5 doses).There were no severe AEFI or deaths.The time interval between the inoculation and the onset of symptoms was mainly concentrated in 0-2 days,with 146 cases(76.84%).Conclusions The AEFI trend of MMR was stable in Longquanyi District of Chengdu city from 2019 to 2023.The adverse reactions were mainly general reactions,with mild clinical symptoms and good safety,but

关 键 词：麻腮风减毒活疫苗 疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 安全性 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]