2023年沧州市汉族中小学生身高、体重及超重肥胖现状分析  

The status of height,weight,overweight and obesity of han primary and middle school students of Cangzhou City in 2023

作　　者：戴其彬 尹淑茹 卢伟 张明琦 DAI Qibin;YIN Shuru;LU Wei;ZHANG Mingqi(Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cangzhou 061000,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市疾病预防控制中心,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第3期359-366,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解沧州市现阶段汉族中小学生身高体重发育状况及超重肥胖现状,为科学评价及针对性干预提供依据。方法2023年9至10月份采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取沧州市16个县区83所中小学共计29067名学生进行体格检查。使用SPSS 26.0统计软件分析数据。计数资料用例数(%)表示,与全国数据比较使用t检验,采用Spearman相关分析身高、体重变化情况,采用χ^(2)检验分析超重率、肥胖率情况,检验水准ɑ=0.05。结果沧州市6~17岁汉族中小学生男女生各年龄段平均身高、体重均超过全国水平,男女生身高、体重均随年龄增大而增加(P均<0.05),男女生身高生长曲线在9岁和11岁时出现了2次交叉。女生身高在6~10岁平均增长速率最高,男生身高在6~13岁平均增长速率最高。男生身高在11岁以后增长速度明显超过女生。沧州女生9~10岁身高增长幅度达到峰值7.3 cm,10岁以后增长幅度逐年下降。男生11~12岁身高增长幅度达到峰值6.9 cm,12岁以后逐年下降,沧州市男女生身高增长幅度达峰年龄均早于全国1年,男女生身高最大增长幅度与全国值接近。男女生体重变化曲线无交叉,各阶段男生体重始终超过女生,10岁以后男生体重增长幅度明显超过女生,男女生体重的突增高峰年龄均早于全国。沧州市6~17岁汉族中小学生超重检出率为16.20%、肥胖检出率为21.40%,男生>女生、城区>郊县(P均<0.05),超重率小学最高,初中和高中没有显著差异,肥胖率小学>初中>高中(P均<0.017)。结论沧州市中小学生各年龄段身高体重发育高于全国水平,青春期发育较全国提前,超重、肥胖率较高,应采取积极的干预措施。Objective To investigate the height and weight development status and overweight and obesity status of Han primary and middle school students in Cangzhou City,and to provide basis for scientific evaluation and targeted intervention.Methods From September to October 2023,a total of 29067 students from 83 primary and secondary schools in 16 counties and districts of Cangzhou city were selected by stratified random cluster sampling method.SPSS 26.0 statistica software was used to analyze the data.The number of use cases(%)represented the counting data Compared with the national data,t test method was used to analyze the changes of height and weight by Spearman correlation analysis,andχ^(2)test was used to analyze the overweight rate and obesity rate,with the test levelɑ=0.05.Results The average height and weight of male and female students aged 6 to 17 in primary and secondary schools of Han nationality in Cangzhou exceeded the national level,and the height and weight of male and female students increased with the increase of age(P<0.05).The growth curve of male and female students'height crossed twice at the age of 9 and 11.The average growth rate of girls'height between 6 and 10 years old was the highest,and that of boys'height between 6 and 13 years old was the highest.The height of boys increases more rapidly than that of girls after the age of 11.In Cangzhou,the height growth rate of girls aged 9 to 10 reached a peak of 7.3 cm,and the growth rate decreased year by year after the age of 10.The height growth rate of male students reached a peak of 6.9 cm from11 to 12 years old,and decreased year by year after 12 years old.The height growth rate of male and female students in Cangzhou reached the peak age was one year earlier than that of nation,and the maximum height growth rate of male and female students was close to the national value.The weight change curve of male and female students has no crossover,and the weight of male students has always exceeded that of female students at all stages.The rate of gain

关 键 词：中小学生 身高 体重 超重肥胖 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]