半殖民地中国的反帝话语建构  

The construction of anti-imperialist discourse in semi-colonial China

作　　者：李永东[1] LI Yongdong(School of Literary,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学文学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期182-189,共8页Journal of Central South University:Social Sciences

基　　金：全国文化名家暨“四个一批”人才资助项目“半殖民与解殖民的中国现代文学”。

摘　　要：半殖民地中国的反帝话语呈现出“有限反帝”与“向内反帝”两种主导倾向,深刻影响了中国现代文学的思想风貌与反帝书写模式。帝国主义在中国的存在状况极为复杂,当局的反帝态度随时局而变,外交话语对于列强的描述在“帝国”与“友邦”之间不断切换。在多方势力博弈的历史背景下,反帝话语处于被压抑的状态,缺乏连贯性和一致性,呈现出“有限反帝”的书写状况。反帝书写常常以“反资”代替“反帝”,外国人形象通常处于缺席状态或被后台化处理,近洋人物成了帝国主义批判的主要对象,由此带来了“向外反帝”书写的薄弱和“向内反帝”书写的繁盛。“向内反帝”话语主导了中国现代文学的反帝反殖书写,也为拆解半殖民地的主奴社会结构提供了方案。There are two tendencies dominating the anti-imperialist discourse in semi-colonial China:“limited anti-imperialism”and“inward anti-imperialism”,which profoundly influenced the thinking style and the anti-imperialist writing mode in modern China.Imperialism in China was extremely complex as the government’s stance towards anti-imperialism shifted with the political climate and diplomatic discourse oscillated between describing foreign powers as“imperial powers”and as“friendly allies”.In the context of multi-faceted power struggles,anti-imperialist discourse was often suppressed,lacking coherence and consistency,resulting in“limited anti-imperialist”writing.In anti-imperialist writing,“anti-capitalism”often substitutes“anti-imperialism”,and the image of foreigners often tend to be absent or relegated to the background while characters from neighboring regions become the primary targets of imperialist critique,leading to a weakening“outward anti-imperialist”narrative and a flourishing“inward anti-imperialist”discourse.The“inward anti-imperialist”discourse dominates the anti-imperialist and anti-colonial writing in modern Chinese literature and provides a framework for dismantling the master-slave social structure of the semi-colonial society.

关 键 词：半殖民地 帝国主义 有限反帝 向内反帝 向外反帝 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]