电针治疗仪联合早期吞咽训练对颅脑损伤后气管切开患者吞咽功能及拔管时间的影响  

Impact of Electroacupuncture Therapeutic Instrument Combined with Early Swallowing Training on Swallowing Function and Extubation Time of Patients with Tracheotomy After Craniocerebral Injury

作　　者：王猛 桂飞飞 WANG Meng;GUI Feifei(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of He'nan University,Kaifeng 475000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学第一附属医院康复医学科,河南开封475000

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2025年第3期253-256,共4页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(项目编号:LHGJ20210558)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨电针治疗仪联合早期吞咽训练对颅脑损伤后气管切开患者吞咽功能及拔管时间的影响。方法 78例颅脑损伤后气管切开患者随机分为两组。对照组予以早期吞咽训练干预,观察组予以电针治疗仪联合早期吞咽训练干预。于干预4周后分别采用吞咽功能评估量表[洼田饮水实验评分、反复唾液吞咽测试(RSST)评分及功能性经口摄食量表(FOIS)评分]、吞咽肌肉电信号、吞咽影像学指标[电视透视吞咽功能检查(VFSS)评分]评估两组的吞咽功能,记录两组的拔管时间以及误吸、吸入性肺炎发生率。结果 干预4周后,观察组的洼田饮水实验评分、 RSST评分均明显低于对照组,FOIS评分、 s EMG最大波幅值、 VFSS评分均明显高于对照组,吞咽时程、拔管时间均明显短于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组的误吸、吸入性肺炎发生率分别为30.77%、 2.56%,明显低于对照组的53.85%、 15.38%(P <0.05)。结论 电针治疗仪联合早期吞咽训练对颅脑损伤后气管切开患者的吞咽功能具有较好的改善作用,利于缩短患者的拔管时间,减少患者并发症的发生。Objective To explore the impact of electroacupuncture therapeutic instrument combined with early swallowing training on swallowing function and extubation time of patients with tracheotomy after craniocerebral injury.Methods 78 patients with tracheotomy after craniocerebral injury were randomly divided into the two groups.The control group was given early swallowing training intervention,and the observation group was given electroacupuncture therapeutic instrument combined with early swallowing training intervention.After 4 weeks of the intervention,the swallowing function assessment scale[Kubota drinking water test score,repeated saliva swallowing test(RSST)score and functional oral food intake scale(FOIS)score],swallowing surface electromyography,swallowing imaging index[video fluoroscopic swallowing study(VFSS)score]were used to evaluate the swallowing function of the two groups,and the extubation time and incidences of misaspiration and aspiration pneumonia of the two groups were recorded.Results After 4 weeks of the intervention,the Kubota drinking water test score and RSST score of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the FOIS score,the maximum amplitude of sEMG and VFSS score were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the swallowing time and extubation time were significantly shorter than those of the control group(P<0.05).The incidences of misaspiration and aspiration pneumonia of the observation group were 30.77%and 2.56%,respectively,significantly lower than 53.85%and 15.38%of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Electroacupuncture therapeutic instrument combined with early swallowing training has a good improvement effect on the swallowing function of patients with tracheotomy after craniocerebral injury,which is beneficial to shorten the extubation time and reduce the occurrence of complications of patients.

关 键 词：电针治疗仪 早期吞咽训练 颅脑损伤 气管切开 吞咽功能 拔管时间 

分 类 号：R245.31[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]