毕节市花魔芋组织培养及快繁技术体系构建  

Tussue culture and rapid propagation technology system construction of Amorphophallus konjac in Bijie City

作　　者：王彩云 侯俊 徐庆祝 柳敏 周茂嫦 邹涛 WANG Caiyun;HOU Jun;XU Qingzhu;LIU Min;ZHOU Maochang;ZOU Tao(Bijie Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China;Dafang Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]毕节市中药研究所,贵州毕节551700 [2]大方县农业农村局,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《农业工程》2025年第3期50-55,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：贵州省人才基地建设项目(RCJD2020-21);毕节市第三批人才团队“优势中药材创新人才团队”项目(毕委人领办通〔2023〕16号);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般051);毕节市揭榜挂帅项目(毕科合重大专项〔2022〕2号);毕节市魔芋产业创新人才团队项目(毕人领通〔2021〕12号)。

摘　　要：为构建毕节市花魔芋组织培养及快繁技术体系,促进毕节市魔芋产业高质量发展,以花魔芋根状茎为外植体开展组织培养技术研究。结果表明,75%酒精消毒30 s+0.1%HgCl_(2)消毒10 min的消毒组合最佳,此时存活率最高,达87.30%。不同外源激素对愈伤组织、丛生芽和根诱导的影响不同,其中培养基MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA较适宜愈伤组织分化,此时愈伤组织分化最早,诱导率最高,质量增加最大;培养基MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L NAA不定芽诱导率最高,每块愈伤组织表面芽点数目较多,平均达6.85个;培养基MS+0.8 mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L NAA丛生芽增殖系数最高,长势最好;培养基1/2 MS+0.50 mg/L IBA最有利于根诱导。30%椰糠+50%沙土+20%蛭石的基质最有利于魔芋组培苗的驯化及移栽。该研究建立了毕节市本地花魔芋组织培养及快繁技术体系,并驯化移栽获得幼苗。To establish tissue culture and rapid propagation technology system for Amorphophallus konjac in Bijie City,to promote highquality development of Amorphophallus konjac industry,tissue culture technology research was conducted using rhizomes of Amorphophallus konjac as explants.Results indicated that an optimal disinfection combination was 30 s in 75%alcohol+10 minutes in 0.1%HgCl_(2),which yielded the highest survival rate of 87.30%.Different exogenous hormones had varying effects on induction of callus,adventitious buds,and roots.Among these,medium MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA was more suitable for callus differentiation,with the earliest differentiation time,highest induction rate,and greatest weight gain.The highest rate of adventitious bud induction was medium MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L NAA,which also produced higher number of bud points per callus segment,averaging 6.85 buds.The highest proliferation coefficient of clustered buds was medium MS+0.8 mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L NAA,showing the best growth.Medium 1/2 MS+0.50 mg/L IBA was the most favorable for root induction.A substrate composition of 30%coconut coir+50%sandy soil+20%vermiculite was optimal for acclimatization and transplantation of konjac tissue culture seedlings.A tissue culture and rapid propagation technology system of Amorphophallus konjac in Bijie City was established,and seedlings were successfully obtained acclimatization and transplantation.

关 键 词：魔芋 组织培养 快繁技术 外源激素 驯化 

分 类 号：S339.41[农业科学—作物遗传育种]