不同机械耕作模式对土壤理化性状及小麦产量的影响  

Effects of different mechanical tillage modes on soil physicochemical properties and wheat yield

作　　者：乔晓琳 成冰 陈宪信 QIAO Xiaolin;CHENG Bing;CHEN Xianxin(Jining Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Jining Shandong 272019,China;Jiaxiang Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Jiaxiang Shandong 272415,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市农业技术推广中心,山东济宁272019 [2]嘉祥县农业技术推广中心,山东嘉祥272415

出　　处：《农业工程》2025年第3期89-93,共5页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(SDNYXTTG-2024-11)。

摘　　要：为解决多年秸秆还田和单一旋耕模式使土壤耕层变浅、土壤持水能力变弱、土壤容重加大及土壤速效养分提升慢等问题,连续6年选择有代表性土壤,以常规旋耕作业为对照,开展小麦播种前机械深松、深翻、旋耕不同耕作技术模式作业试验,探究其对土壤及小麦产量的影响。结果表明,土壤深翻、深松都不同程度地降低土壤容重,提高土壤通透性,小麦穗数、千粒质量均高于对照旋耕作业,较旋耕小麦产量分别增产5.66%和3.87%。To solve problems of shallower soil tillage layer,weaker soil water holding capacity,increased soil bulk density,and slow improvement of soil available nutrients caused by straw returning and a single rotary tillage mode for years,representative soil was selected for six years,with conventional rotary tillage operations as control group,experiments on different mechanical tillage techniques modes of deep loosening,deep plowing,and rotary tillage before wheat swing were carried out,to explore effects on soil and wheat yield.Results showed that both deep plowing and deep loosening before wheat swing reduced soil bulk density to varying degrees and improved soil permeability.After deep plowing and deep loosening operations at three test plots,spike number per unit area and thousand grain weight were higher than control operations,and wheat yield increased by 5.66%、3.87%respectively.

关 键 词：机械耕作 土壤理化性状 小麦产量 深翻 深松 旋耕 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]