0~6个月婴儿牛奶蛋白过敏的临床特征分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics of milk protein allergy in infants aged 0-6 months

作　　者：张娇娇 ZHANG Jiaojiao(Department of Neonatology,Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Pizhou City,Jiangsu Province,Pizhou 221300,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省邳州市中医院新生儿科,江苏邳州221300

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2025年第6期53-56,共4页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

摘　　要：目的 分析0~6个月婴儿牛奶蛋白过敏的临床特征。方法 选取邳州市中医院2023年1月至2024年5月接诊的90例牛奶蛋白过敏的0~6个月婴儿为研究对象,采用问卷进行调查,通过询问病史与相关表现总结临床特征,并统计治疗情况。结果 纳入的90例婴儿中,以腹泻为首发症状者32例占35.56%,便血者9例占10.00%,湿疹者13例占14.44%,呕吐者17例占18.89%,咳喘者8例占8.89%,生长缓慢者11例占12.22%;辅助检查结果显示,纳入的90例婴儿中,白细胞计数基本正常,41例(45.56%)嗜酸性粒细胞百分比<4%,33例(36.67%)嗜酸性粒细胞百分比为4%~15%,16例(17.78%)嗜酸性粒细胞百分比为16%~25%,6例(6.67%)贫血(血红蛋白95~115g/L),0~4个白细胞/高倍视野(HPF)者42例(46.67%),5~15个白细胞/HPF者5例(5.56%);便潜血阳性37例(41.11%);便培养均未检出致病菌,血清免疫球蛋白E抗体阳性率为18.89%。治疗1个月时的有效率为90.00%(81/90),治疗3个月时的有效率为92.22%(83/90)。结论 0~6个月牛奶蛋白过敏婴儿主要症状为腹泻,辅助检查可见嗜酸性粒细胞异常、免疫球蛋白E抗体阳性等,经过治疗后多能有效缓解。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of milk protein allergy in infants aged 0-6 months.Methods A total of 90 infants aged 0-6 months with milk protein allergy who were admitted to Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Pizhou City from January 2023 to May 2024 were selected as the study subjects.Questionnaire was used to investigate the clinical characteristics by asking the medical history and related manifestations,and statistical treatment was conducted.Results Among the 90 infants,32(35.56%) had diarrhea as the first symptom,9(10.00%)had hematochezia,13(14.44%) had eczema,17(18.89%) had vomiting,8(8.89%) had cough and wheezing,and 11(12.22%) had slow growth.The results of auxiliary examination showed that the white blood cell count of the 90 infants included was basically normal,41 cases(45.56%) of eosinophils accounted for < 4%,33 cases(36.67%) of eosinophils accounted for 4%-15%,and 16 cases(17.78%) of eosinophils accounted for 16%-25%.There were 6 cases(6.67%) of anemia(hemoglobin 95-115 g/L),42 cases(46.67%) of 0-4 leukocytes/high-power fields(HPF),and 5 cases(5.56%)of 5-15 leukocytes/HPF.There were 37 cases(41.11%) were positive for fecal occult blood.No pathogenic bacteria were detected in all cultures.The positive rate of serum immunoglobulin E antibody was 18.89%.The effective rate was 90.00%(81/90) at 1 month and 92.22%(83/90) at 3 months.Conclusion The main symptom of milk protein allergy in infants aged 0-6 months is diarrhea,and abnormal eosinophils and positive immunoglobulin E antibodies can be seen in auxiliary examinations,which can be effectively alleviated after treatment.

关 键 词：0~6个月婴儿 牛奶蛋白过敏 临床症状 嗜酸性粒细胞 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]