芳香中药精油外用防治呼吸道传染病的作用机制与应用研究概况  

Overview of the Research on Mechanisms and Application of Essential Oil of Aromatic Chinese Medicinals in Prevention of Respiratory Infectious Disease

作　　者：李云宁 吴新新 黎晓蕾 郝鸣昭 张芳 张悦 李皓月 赵静[2] LI Wan Ling;WU Xinxin;LI Xiaolei;HAO Mingzhao;ZHANG Fang;ZHANG Yue;LI Haoyue;ZHAO Jing(School of Chinese Medicine,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong,China,999077;Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;China Institute for History of Medicine and Medical Literature,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;International Cooperation Department,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences)

机构地区：[1]香港大学中医药学院,中国香港特别行政区999077 [2]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所 [3]中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所 [4]中国中医科学院国际合作处

出　　处：《中医杂志》2025年第6期638-644,共7页Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程中医临床基础学科创新团队项目(CI2021B003);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00704-4)。

摘　　要：芳香中药精油是从芳香中草药中提取的挥发油,可以通过多途径协同作用实现对呼吸道传染病的防治效果,包括抑制病原体、调节免疫功能、调节炎症反应。其主要使用方法为外用,如用于人体的吸入、涂抹、外敷、浸浴、漱口、腔道栓等方式,可预防感染、缓解症状;用于环境的香熏、雾化、喷洒等,可抑菌消毒、净化空气。芳香中药精油外用预防呼吸道传染病具有使用便捷、吸收迅速、身心同治等特色与优势,但在功用定位、适应症与安全性及作用机制研究等方面仍存在挑战与不足。提出将芳香中药理论与精油特性相结合,在中医辨证原则指导下组成中药精油处方,高效、精准、安全地防治呼吸道传染病,从而拓展芳香中药的临床应用及中医预防理论。Aromatic Chinese medicinal essential oils are volatile oils extracted from aromatic Chinese herbs,which can prevent and treat respiratory infectious diseases through multiple synergistic mechanisms including pathogen inhibition,immune regulation,and inflammatory response regulation.Essential oils are primarily used externally on the body to prevent infections and alleviate symptoms through methods like inhalation,smearing,topical application,bathing,gargling or as a suppository.They can also be utilized in the environment for disinfection and air purification,through methods like diffusion,vaporization,or spraying.The external application of essential oils extracted from Chinese aromatic herbs has the advantages of convenience,quick absorption,and simultaneous influence on both the body and mind.However,there are still challenges and deficiencies in aspects such as the positioning of functions,indications,safety,and the research on the mechanism of action.It has been proposed to combine the theory of aromatic Chinese medicinals with the characteristics of essential oils,and formulate prescriptions of Chinese medicinal essential oils under the principles of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation,and prevent and treat respiratory infectious diseases efficiently,accurately,and safely,thereby expanding the clinical application of aromatic Chinese medicinals and the preventive theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：呼吸道传染病 芳香中药 中药精油 中医外治法 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]