淄博市学校流感样病例暴发疫情流行特征及影响因素分析  

Epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of influenza-like illness outbreaks in schools in Zibo city

作　　者：曹海霞[1] 孙晓明 陈梦迪 张冬晖 郑加玉[1] 王玲[1] Cao Haixia;Sun Xiaoming;Chen Mengdi;Zhang Donghui;Zheng Jiayu;Wang Ling(Department for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo 255026,China)

机构地区：[1]淄博市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制所,255026

出　　处：《国际病毒学杂志》2025年第1期52-56,共5页International Journal of Virology

基　　金：山东省淄博市医药卫生科研项目(20231705119)。

摘　　要：目的分析山东省淄博市学校流感样病例暴发疫情的流行特征及其影响因素,为科学制定防控策略提供依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统、突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统收集2009—2023年淄博市发生在学校的流感样病例暴发疫情处置信息,对疫情特征进行描述流行病学分析,采用logistic回归模型确定影响暴发疫情发生规模和持续时间的因素。结果2009—2023年,淄博市累计报告学校流感样病例暴发疫情174起,总罹患率为4.45%。疫情报告时间主要集中在11月至次年3月(84.48%),小学为疫情发生的主要场所(62.07%)。暴发疫情病例数以5~29例居多(66.67%),疫情持续时间以7 d内为主(67.82%)。学校人数及疫情发现时间与疫情发生规模有关,病原型别及疫情发现时间与疫情持续时间有关。结论淄博市学校流感样病例暴发疫情主要发生在冬春季,小学是高发场所,应加强监测与培训,指导学校落实晨午检等措施,对暴发疫情做到早发现、早报告、早处置,降低流感暴发疫情风险。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of influenza-like illness outbreaks in schools in Zibo city,so as to provide evidences for scientific formulation of prevention and control strategies.MethodsThe information of management of influenza-like illness outbreaks in schools in Zibo city from 2009 to 2023 as collected through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System and the National Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System.Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of the characteristics of epidemics,and the logistic regression models were employed to identify the factors that influenced the scale and duration of outbreaks.ResultsFrom 2009 to 2023,a total of 174 outbreaks of influenza-like illness in schools were reported in Zibo city and the overall attack rate was 4.45%.The majority of the outbreaks were reported between November and the next March(84.48%).Primary schools were the main settings for these outbreaks(62.07%).Outbreaks involving 5-29 cases were the most common(66.67%),and the duration of these outbreaks was mainly within 7 days(67.82%).The scale of outbreaks was related to the number of students in the school and the detection time of the epidemics.The duration of outbreaks was related to virus type and the detection time of the epidemics.ConclusionsThe outbreaks of influenza-like illness in schools in Zibo city mainly occurred in winter and spring,with primary schools as the high-risk settings.The surveillance and training should be strengthened,and schools should be guided to implement measures such as daily health checks in both morning and afternoon to facilitate early detection,early reporting,and early control of outbreaks,thereby reducing the risk of influenza outbreaks.

关 键 词：流感 流感样病例 暴发疫情 流行特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]