2023年云南省大理白族地区居民对青少年糖尿病认知水平与需求调查研究  

Research on awareness and cognition level to juvenile diabetes mellitus among residents of Dali Bai autonomous prefecture in Yunnan,2023

作　　者：董亲民 隋世燕 杨琴 蒋子莹 何昆江 杨化 赵强 艾志琼 DONG Qinmin;SUI Shiyan;YANG Qin;JIANG Ziying;HE Kunjiang;YANG Hua;ZHAO Qiang;AI Zhiqiong(School of Public Health,Dali University,Dali 671000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学公共卫生学院,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国校医》2025年第1期69-73,共5页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：2023全国大学生标准化奥林匹克竞赛全国总决赛入围项目(G031/757398)。

摘　　要：目的了解云南省大理白族地区居民对青少年糖尿病的认知水平及其健康需求,为改进云南省边疆少数民族聚集地的慢性病管理工作提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,2023年7—8月在大理洱源对513名常住居民进行问卷调查,并结合深度访谈进行数据采集,使用Epidata 3.1对数据进行录入、双核对,采用SPSS 25.0进行统计学分析。结果白族居民占总调查对象的52.2%,儿童及青少年占56.6%;有77.1%的居民对青少年糖尿病认知存在误解;53.1%的居民认为青少年会患糖尿病;有40.7%的居民从未进行过血糖检测;有57.2%的居民认为糖尿病不可以是无症状的;有51.3%的居民认为年龄是糖尿病发生的直接原因;有63.5%的居民认为在糖尿病患者血糖稳定时应坚持服药;有39.6%的居民不知道糖尿病的诊断依据;18.7%的居民不知道青少年糖尿病的风险因素;17.7%的居民不知道糖尿病的病情控制措施;18.7%的居民不了解糖尿病。进一步分析发现,不同年龄段的居民对青少年糖尿病的认知水平与需求不同,成年居民与儿童及青少年居民对青少年糖尿病的认知水平差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=95.41,P<0.05)。结论大理白族地区居民对青少年糖尿病正确认知水平低,认知多有误,社区及相关部门应加强青少年健康宣传教育,尽快落实相关防控策略。Objective To assess the cognition level and health needs regarding juvenile diabetes mellitus among residents in the Dali Bai autonomous prefecture,and provide scientific evidence for improving chronic disease management in minority⁃populated areas of Yunnan.Methods A total of 513 residents from Eryuan County were enrolled with a cluster random sampling method,from July to August 2023.Data were collected with structured questionnaires and in⁃depth interviews.Data entry and double check were performed using Epidata 3.1,and statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 25.0.Results Among the respondents,Bai ethnic residents accounted for 52.2%,with children and adolescents covering 56.6%.A total of 77.1%of residents exhibited misconceptions about juvenile diabetes mellitus,with 53.1%believing that adolescents are susceptible to diabetes.Additionally,40.7%failed to take blood glucose testing,and 57.2%believed that diabetes cannot be asymptomatic.Furthermore,51.3%considered age to be a direct cause of diabetes,63.5%believed that diabetes patients with stable blood glucose should continue taking medication,39.6%were unaware of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes,18.7%were unfamiliar with the risk factors for juvenile diabetes mellitus,17.7%lacked knowledge of diabetes management measures,and 18.7%had no understanding of diabetes at all.Further analysis revealed that the awareness and health needs of residents among different age groups regarding juvenile diabetes mellitus differed.Compared with children and adolescents,adult residents had a significantly lower awareness level of juvenile diabetes mellitus(χ^(2)=95.41,P<0.05).Conclusions The cognitive level and knowledge of juvenile diabetes mellitus in Bai autonomous prefecture is limited.Authorities,such as local community and relevant agencies,should strengthen health education and promptly implement targeted prevention and control strategies.

关 键 词：大理白族地区 青少年糖尿病 认知水平 健康需求 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]