贵州省乡镇卫生院卫生资源配置的公平与效率研究  

Equity and efficiency of health resource allocation in township health centers in Guizhou Province

作　　者：靳文瑜 朱梦兰 张鹭鹭 JIN Wenyu;ZHU Menglan;ZHANG Lulu(School of Health Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,上海200093 [2]海军军医大学卫生勤务学系卫生勤务学教研室

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2025年第2期96-102,共7页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72174204)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省乡镇卫生院卫生资源配置的公平和效率,为促进其发展提供参考依据。方法运用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和泰尔指数分析2018—2022年乡镇卫生院各类卫生资源配置的公平性,通过DEA-BCC模型和Malmquist指数分别从静态和动态的角度分析配置效率。结果以人口分布配置时,各类卫生资源的基尼系数<0.2,泰尔指数在0.0042~0.0269之间;以地理面积配置时,各类卫生资源的基尼系数均呈现增长趋势,床位数和注册护士的基尼系数>0.2,泰尔指数在0.0033~0.0310之间;2018年和2022年各类卫生资源配置效率均值均小于1;全要素生产率均值为0.999。结论贵州省乡镇卫生院卫生资源按人口配置的公平性优于地理面积配置的公平性,基于人口分布时,配置的不公平性主要来自于区域间,基于面积配置时,配置的不公平性主要来源于区域内。贵州省应科学规划乡镇卫生院卫生资源增长,合理配置资源并提高其配置效率。Objective To analyze the equity and efficiency of health resource allocation in township health centers in Guizhou province,and to provide reference for promoting the development of township health centers.Methods The Lorenz curve,Gini coefficient,and Theil index were used to analyze the equity of various health resource allocations in township health centers in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2022.And the DEA-BCC model and the Malmquist index were employed to analyze the efficiency of various health resource allocations from both static and dynamic perspectives,respectively.Results In terms of allocation by population distribution,the Gini coefficient of various health resources was less than 0.2,and the Theil index was between 0.0042 and 0.0269.In terms of allocation by geographical area,the Gini coefficient for all types of health resources showed an increasing trend,with the Gini coefficient for bed count and registered nurses exceeding 0.2,and the Theil index ranging between 0.0033 and 0.0310.The average health resource allocation efficiency was below 1 in 2018 and 2022.The average total factor productivity of health resource allocation during 2018-2022 was 0.999.Conclusions The equity of health resource allocation in township health centers in Guizhou Province based on population distribution is superior to that based on geographical area.The unfairness in allocation based on population distribution is mainly between regions,while the unfairness in allocation based on geographical areas is mainly within regions.It is necessary to plan scientifically the growth of health resources in township health centers in Guizhou Province,with rational resource allocation and improved efficiency in their distribution.

关 键 词：乡镇卫生院 卫生资源配置 公平性 配置效率 公平与效率 贵州省 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]