深部硐室群布置方式及开挖顺序优化研究  

Optimized layout and excavation sequence of deep chambers

作　　者：尹升华[1] 寇永渊 周昀[1] 闫泽鹏 曾德鑫 YIN Shenghua;KOU Yongyuan;ZHOU Yun;YAN Zepeng;ZENG Dexin(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Jinchuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学资源与安全工程学院,北京100083 [2]金川集团股份有限公司,金昌737100

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2025年第4期628-641,共14页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC2904103)。

摘　　要：深部硐室群的稳定性与其空间布局及开挖顺序密切相关.为优化深部硐室群的空间布局及施工顺序,本研究以金川二矿941水平湿喷混凝土搅拌站硐室群为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场监测等方法,对硐室群的断面形状与尺寸、空间布置方式及施工工序进行了系统性研究.研究首先分析了断面形状与尺寸对硐室群稳定性的影响,探讨了地应力方向对硐室布置的约束作用,并提出主辅硐室布置的基本原则.在此基础上,通过硐室稳定性表征增量构建分析模型,对施工工序进行了优化设计.研究结果显示,大断面硐室的最优断面形状为直墙圆弧拱断面.在硐室布置设计中,应综合考虑侧压系数、宽高比等关键参数,优先安排主硐室布置,并确保硐室轴线与最大主应力方向的夹角控制在45°~60°范围内,同时硐室间应尽量垂直布置.对于硐室群的开挖方案,研究表明,最优施工方案为方案Ⅰ,其施工顺序为:先开挖配料机硐室,其次为搅拌机硐室,最后为水泥仓硐室.在该施工方案下,硐室支护结构表现出较高的稳定性,围岩的收敛速率显著降低(<0.06 mm·d^(-1)),硐室群围岩的变形得到了有效控制.本文研究成果为矿山深部开采中硐室围岩稳定性的控制提供了重要的理论支持和实践指导.The stability of deep chamber groups is crucial for safe mining operations and is closely related to the spatial layout and excavation sequence.Proper spatial arrangement and optimized construction sequencing not only help control the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock but also improve the overall stability and safety of mining operations.This study focused on the chamber group of the wet-mix shotcrete batching station at the 941 level of Jinchuan No.2 Mine.A combination of theoretical analysis,numerical simulations,and field monitoring was employed to systematically investigate the effects of cross-sectional shape and size,spatial layout,and construction sequence on the stability of the chamber group.First,the study analyzed the effects of cross-sectional shape and size on the chamber stability and investigated the constraints imposed by the in situ stress orientation on the chamber layout.The results showed that the optimal cross-sectional shape for large-section chambers was a straight-walled circular arch section,which effectively reduced the stress concentration in the surrounding rock and enhanced the overall stability.Further analysis revealed that the lateral pressure coefficient was a critical factor influencing the deformation of the surrounding rock.Under the condition of equal cross-sectional areas,a larger width-to-height ratio significantly increased the deformation of the roof and floor of the chamber,resulting in a deteriorated stress state in the surrounding rock.Additionally,increasing the chamber size with a constant lateral pressure coefficient exacerbated the failure of the roof rock mass and increased the roof subsidence,which negatively affected the long-term stability of the chamber.Under the same height conditions,an increase in the chamber size intensified the failure of the roof and floor surrounding the rock.Therefore,in the chamber layout design,critical parameters,such as the lateral pressure coefficient and width-to-height ratio,must be comprehensively considered to opt

关 键 词：硐室群 断面形状 宽高比 空间布局 开挖顺序 

分 类 号：TD354[矿业工程—矿井建设]