转炉钢渣资源化利用研究现状与应用展望  

Resourceful utilization of converter steel slag:Research status and application prospects

作　　者：刘昕 王仲亮 包燕平[1] LIU Xin;WANG Zhongliang;BAO Yanping(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学绿色低碳钢铁冶金全国重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2025年第4期668-681,共14页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574019)。

摘　　要：钢渣是炼钢过程中的主要固体废弃物,产量大储量多且综合利用率仅30%,造成大量资源浪费和环境破坏.近年来钢渣的处理和资源化利用受到广泛关注,相关技术及工艺也取得了长足发展.钢渣理想的利用方式是回到炼钢流程中重复利用,但由于该过程没有合适的磷元素流出途径,导致磷在整个生产流程中处于不断富集状态,难以实现钢渣的高效利用.本文针对转炉钢渣处理及利用现状进行了综述,分析了国内外钢渣利用率产生差距的限制性环节,系统总结了渣中磷分离与富集的研究进展,并简述了从炼钢渣中回收磷的经济性.在此基础上,提出钢渣热态循环全量利用技术,若将钢渣中磷分离后有效回收,尾渣可在冶金厂内重复利用,可实现钢渣的高附加值与高效利用.新的钢渣处理工艺及热态全量利用技术的应用,将推动冶金工业低碳绿色化发展.Steel slag is the main solid waste in the steelmaking process.Its comprehensive utilization rate stands only at 30%(China,2023),resulting in a large amount of resource waste and serious damage to the ecological environment.The optimal utilization of steel slag lies in reusing it in the steelmaking process.However,this process does not have any suitable phosphorus outflow pathway,resulting in continuous phosphorus enrichment throughout the production process,hence hindering the efficient utilization of steel slag.Phosphorus,a nonrenewable resource vital to agriculture and industry,is a suitable secondary resource in steel slag.Phosphorus obtained upon separation from steel slag can be utilized in the phosphorus chemical industry,and the tailings can be reused in metallurgical plants.This study reviews the following:(1)sources and properties(physical and chemical properties)of steel slag;(2)current status of steel slag treatment and utilization at home and abroad;(3)phosphorus enrichment and separation technology in steel slag.Moreover,the economics of phosphorus recovery from steel slag is described,and a technology for full utilization of steel slag in hot-state recycling is proposed.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)China’s steel slag production and stock are massive.However,the existing technologies and methods are insufficient for the effective handling and utilization of such a considerable quantity of slag.Consequently,the experience of foreign developed countries in steel slag treatment cannot be entirely replicated in China.Accordingly,we need to devise a novel approach to steel slag treatment that aligns with China’s laws,policies,and standards associated with steel management.(2)The current mainstream steel slag treatment technology is unable to effectively address the challenges posed by phosphorus enrichment under harsh conditions,suffering limited phosphorous removal efficiency.In addition,the lack of a slag utilization pathway hinders the full-scale promotion of this technology.The steel sla

关 键 词：钢渣 资源化利用 全量利用 磷 磷富集与分离 

分 类 号：X756[环境科学与工程—环境工程]