经典名方大黄牡丹汤历史沿革与关键信息考证  

Historical Evolution and Textual Research on Key Information of the Classic Famous Rhubarb and Peony Decoction

作　　者：李海棠 李德杏[1] 李卫强[2] 王进元 LI Haitang;LI Dexing;LI Weiqiang;WANG Jinyuan(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin,China,301617;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan,Ningxia,China,750004;The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Wuzhong,Ningxia,China,751100)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学中医学院,天津301617 [2]宁夏医科大学中医学院,宁夏银川750004 [3]宁夏医科大学附属中医医院,宁夏吴忠751100

出　　处：《河南中医》2025年第4期549-559,共11页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目{国中医药人教函[2023]85号};2022年度国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项项目(22VJXT010)。

摘　　要：目的:系统整理、考证与分析东汉至中华人民共和国成立前大黄牡丹汤相关医籍文献,梳理其历史发展脉络,准确理解该方的关键信息,为该方的开发与现代临床应用提供文献数据支持。方法:搜集大黄牡丹汤相关文献139条,涉及80部医籍,重点聚焦主治病证、方义、药物组成、处方剂量、药物炮制、煎煮法及服法等关键信息,进行系统整理、考证与分析。结果:大黄牡丹汤出自东汉张仲景《金匮要略》,历史上出现9首异名方,如牡丹散、冬瓜子汤等。历代医家对其基本方义、功用主治无太大争议,用于治疗外科、内科、妇科等多科病证。推荐剂量:大黄24 g,牡丹皮6 g,冬瓜子20 g,芒硝9 g,桃仁15 g。煎服法为以水1 200 mL煎煮至200 mL,去药渣,加入芒硝,再煎沸,顿服。药物炮制方法参考《中华人民共和国药典》相关规定,大黄、牡丹皮、冬瓜子、桃仁均采用生品入药,芒硝采取萝卜制。结论:大黄牡丹汤主治病证、方义、药物组成、剂量、炮制及煎服法等关键信息明确,可为该方的开发与现代临床应用提供文献数据支持。Objective:To systematically sort out,verify and analyze the medical literature related to Rhubarb and Peony Decoction from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the founding of the People′s Republic of China,in order to comb through its historical development,accurately understand the key information of this formula,and provide literature data support for its development and modern clinical application.Methods:A total of 139 pieces of literature related to Rhubarb and Peony Decoction were collected,involving 80 medical books.The key information such as the main indications,formula rationale,drug composition,dosage,drug processing,decocting method and administration,etc.were focused on and systematically sorted out,verified and analyzed.Results:Rhubarb and Peony Decoction originated from Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhongjing in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Nine variant formulas with different names have appeared in history,such as Peony Powder and Winter Melon Seed Decoction.There has been no major controversy among medical experts throughout history regarding its basic formula rationale and therapeutic effects.It has been applied to treat various diseases in surgery,internal medicine,gynecology and other fields.The recommended dosage is as follows:Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) 24 g,Mudanpi(Cortex Moutan) 6 g,Dongguazi(Semen Benincasae) 20 g,Mangxiao(Natrii Sulfas) 9 g,and Taoren(Semen Persicae)15 g.The decocting and administration method is to boil 1 200 mL of water down to 200 mL,remove the residue,add Mangxiao,boil again and take it all at once.The processing methods refer to the relevant regulations of Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China.Dahuang,Mudanpi,Dongguazi and Taoren are all used in their raw form,while Mangxiao is processed with radish.Conclusion:The key information of Rhubarb and Peony Decoction,such as main indications,formula rationale,drug composition,dosage,processing and decocting and administration methods,is clear,providing literature data support for its development and modern

关 键 词：大黄牡丹汤 历史沿革 关键信息 文献考证 经典名方 《金匮要略》 张仲景 

分 类 号：R289.5[医药卫生—方剂学]