经后外侧入路微创髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的效果分析  

Effect of Minimally Invasive Hip Arthroplasty Via Posterolateral Approach in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture and Early Postoperative Functional Impact

作　　者：张旭光 ZHANG Xuguang(Department of Orthopedics,Zhaoyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省招远市中医医院骨科,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《中国伤残医学》2025年第5期35-39,共5页Chinese Journal of Trauma and Disability Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探索经后外侧入路微创髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月—2024年6月于招远市中医医院就诊的65名老年股骨颈骨折患者的临床资料,按照手术方法的不同将患者分为对照组(n=30)和研究组(n=35)。对照组实施传统髋关节置换术,研究组实施后外侧入路微创髋关节置换术。对比两组的手术相关指标、髋臼假体角度、髋关节功能恢复情况和并发症发生情况。结果:研究组术中出血量少于对照组,手术切口长度、术后首次下床活动时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组手术时间对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组髋臼假体外展角度、前倾角度均大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,研究组Harr髋关节功能评分量表中是疼痛、行走能力、活动范围、整体功能评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率2.86%低于对照组的23.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:经后外侧入路的微创髋关节置换术术后老年股骨颈骨折患者恢复较快,有利于髋关节功能改善及髋臼假体良好摆位,术后并发症较少。Objective:To explore the effect of minimally invasive hip arthroplasty via posterolateral approach for the treatment of elderly paitients with femoral neck fractures.Methods:The clinical data of 65 Elderly Patients with femoral neck fracture in Zhaoyuan traditional Chinese medicine hospital from January 2020 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the different surgical methods,they were divided into control group(n=30)and study group(n=35).The control group received traditional hip arthroplasty,and the study group received posterolateral minimally invasive arthroplasty.The operation related indicators,acetabular prosthesis angle,hip function recovery and complications of the two groups were compared.Results:The intraoperative bleeding volume of the study group was less than that of the control group,and the length of the surgical incision and the time of getting out of bed after surgery were shorter than those of the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);The difference in surgical time between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The abduction angle and forward tilt angle of the acetabular prosthesis in the research group were better than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After surgery,the pain,walking ability,range of motion,and overall functional scores in Harris Hip Scale of the study group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The complication rate of 2.86%in the study group was lower than 23.33%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The posterior lateral approach of minimally invasive hip replacement in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture is conducive to the improvement of hip function and the good placement of acetabular prosthesis,with fewer postoperative complications.

关 键 词：微创髋关节置换术 后外侧入路 股骨颈骨折 髋关节功能 传统髋关节置换术 

分 类 号：R683[医药卫生—骨科学]