降雨条件下纳污(NO_(3)^(-)-N)土体的潜在污染风险及防治研究  

Study on the potential pollution risk and prevention of NO_(3)^(-)-N soil under rainfall conditions

作　　者：倪其威 李升 介飞龙 葛燕燕 NI Qi-wei;LI Sheng;JIE Fei-long;GE Yan-yan(College of Geology and Mining Engineering,Xinjiang University.,Xinjiang Urumchi 830000)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《地下水》2025年第1期113-118,共6页Ground water

基　　金：横向课题“地下水与地表水污染迁移转化及协同防治研究项目”(202411140012)。

摘　　要：为研究极端降雨对土壤硝酸盐氮淋溶浸出影响规律及防治,研究基于土柱试验数据,利用HYDRUS-1D构建硝酸盐氮迁移转化模型,并将所构建的模型应用于中国新疆达坂城区非饱和带区域,模拟不同降雨量、降雨频率、初始土壤含水率以及清挖表层30cm土壤(即降低土壤初始硝酸盐氮浓度)等情景模式。结果表明,随着降雨强度的增加,硝酸盐氮浸出量持续增加,浸出量由14.5%增加到17%。随着降雨频率的增加,硝酸盐氮累积峰值由150cm迁移至300cm。随着初始含水量的增加(I1,I2,I3),累积浸出通量分别占初始硝酸盐氮含量的14%、20%和28%。此外,清挖表层受污染的土壤可以明显减少硝酸盐氮淋滤通量与向下迁移的距离。对于化肥工业泄露导致的点源型硝酸盐氮污染,清挖表层土可以有效防治硝酸盐氮向下迁移所导致潜在的地下水污染。In order to study the influence and prevention of extreme rainfall on soil NO_(3)^(-)-N leaching,a NO_(3)^(-)-N migration and transformation model was constructed using HYDRUS-1D based on soil column test data,and the model was applied to the unsaturated zone area of Dabancheng District,Xinjiang,China.Scenarios such as different rainfall,rainfall frequency,initial soil moisture content and clearing of 30cm surface soil(i.e.reducing the initial nitrate nitrogen concentration of soil)were simulated.The results showed that with the increase of rainfall intensity,the leaching amount of NO_(3)^(-)-N continued to increase,from 14.5% to 17%.With the increase of rainfall frequency,the peak value of NO_(3)^(-)-N accumulation migrated from 150 cm to 300 cm.With the increase of initial water content(I1,I2,I3),the cumulative leaching flux accounted for 14%,20% and 28% of the initial NO_(3)^(-)-N content,respectively.In addition,the removal of surface contaminated soil can significantly reduce the distance between NO_(3)^(-)-N leaching flux and downward migration.For the point source NO_(3)^(-)-N pollution caused by fertilizer industry leakage,cleaning the topsoil can effectively prevent the potential groundwater pollution caused by the downward migration of NO_(3)^(-)-N.

关 键 词：硝酸盐氮 暴雨 极端暴雨 降雨频率 数值模拟 污染防治 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52