燃煤型氟中毒病区改炉改灶后历史病灶村居民头发和指甲氟暴露水平分析  

Analysis of the fluoride exposure level of hair and nails after reform of stoves and furnaces in the coal-burning fluorosis area

作　　者：张江慧 杨俊林 杨娜[1] 王建莹 姚欣 刘扬[1] 涂成龙 ZHANG Jianghui;YANG Junlin;YANG Na;WANG Jianying;YAO Xin;LIU Yang;TU Chenglong(School of Public Health&the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 561113,Guizhou,China;The Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 561113,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院&环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳561113 [2]贵州医科大学环境与健康重点实验室,贵州贵阳561113

出　　处：《贵州医科大学学报》2025年第3期378-382,389,共6页Journal of Guizhou Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42167059);2020年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010660020)。

摘　　要：目的探讨典型燃煤型氟中毒历史病灶村居民在脱离高氟源后,头发和指甲氟暴露水平及其分布特征。方法选取贵州省燃煤型氟中毒表征(氟斑牙)非常明显的1个历史病灶村居民为研究对象,另选非氟中毒病灶村居民作为对照,采集并测定头发、指甲和主要农产品样本中的氟含量、分析机体氟暴露水平的分布特征,结合贵州省燃煤型氟中毒流行病学调查的历史资料,估算改炉改灶前后成人日总摄氟量。结果病灶村居民发氟均值为(204.21±116.41)μg/g,指甲氟均值为(163.20±73.00)μg/g,是对照村居民头发和指甲的6.44、11.44倍,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别间发氟和指甲氟含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);头发和指甲氟含量与年龄呈正相关,决定系数分别为0.382和0.223(P<0.05);病灶村成人总摄氟量为0.29 mg/d。结论贵州省燃煤型氟中毒历史病灶村成人总摄氟量已低于国家限值标准;历史病区居民头发和指甲氟含量显示了较高的内负荷状态,与性别无关但与年龄有关。Objective To explore the fluoride exposure level of hair and nails and the characteristics of fluoride distribution after weaning from high fluoride source.Methods One village with obvious fluorosis characterization(dental fluorosis)out of the typical historical focal villages of coal-burning fluorosis in Guizhou China was selected as the research area,while some residents from the villages without fluorosis lesions were selected as controls.The fluorine contents of hair,nails and major agricultural products in the focal village were collected.The distribution characteristics of fluoride exposure levels in the body were analyzed,and historical data from the epidemiological survey of coal-burning fluorosis in Guizhou province were combined,and the total daily fluoride intake of adults before and after furnace and stove changes was estimated.Results The mean fluoride level in the research area was 204.21μg/g and nail fluoride was 163.20μg/g,6.44 times,and 11.44 times of the fluoride contents of the controls,respectively;there was significantly difference.But there was no significant difference in fluoride and nail fluoride contents between genders(P>0.05).The fluoride contents in hair and nails was positively correlated with age,and the Coefficient of determination was 0.382 and 0.223 respectively(P<0.05).The total fluoride intake of adults in the research area was 0.29 mg/d.Conclusion The total consumption of adults in historical villages of coal-burning fluorosis in Guizhou province is lower than the national limit standard;the fluoride contents of hair and nails in historical areas showed high internal load,which is related to age,but not to gender.

关 键 词：燃煤型氟中毒 氟暴露水平 头发氟 指甲氟 总摄氟量 

分 类 号：R599.9[医药卫生—内科学]