从《我要骗人》看鲁迅的人格特质与精神品格  

On Lu Xun's Personality Trait and Spiritual Character from I Want to Lie

作　　者：张景兰 吴天苏 ZHANG Jing-lan;WU Tian-su

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学文法学院,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期41-50,123,共11页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：鲁迅的许多文学作品都潜藏着多种“声音”,读者看到的表层文本展现出来的意蕴大多只是冰山一角,还有更多的“潜文本”有待挖掘。同时,在鲁迅的一些文字中,他的思想和言行存在着一定的相背离情形,常常欲言又止或者是言行不一,蕴藏着丰富复杂的阐释空间。写于鲁迅病逝前不久的《我要骗人》将“骗人”这一有悖常理而又真诚自白的心态和盘托出,凸显出他独特鲜明的人格特质与精神品格的深层矛盾。这里所谓的“骗人”绝不是日常道德层面的撒谎欺骗,而是出于善良的动机给予行为接受者以温暖和希望,而作者自己独独承受这种违背本心的痛苦,这是鲁迅在历经半个世纪的历史变幻与民生忧患后依然坚守的人道主义精神品格,真正践行了他早年呼唤的“自己背着因袭的重担,肩住了黑暗的闸门,放他们到宽阔光明的地方去”的崇高品德。从人格心理学角度来阐释其“我要骗人”心态背后的人格特质与精神品格,更能深入体会鲁迅不同寻常的话语方式背后的灵魂痛苦与伟大。Many of Lu Xun's literary works have hidden"Voices".The meaning delivered by the surface text visible to readers is only the tip of the iceberg,and more"hidden text"is to be explored.At the same time,there is rich and complex space for the interpretation of Lu Xun's writings because in some of his writings,there are contradictions between his thoughts and his words and deeds,which can be found through his hesitant narration or the contradictions between his words and deeds.I want to lie,an essay written shortly before Lu Xun's death,laid bare the perverse while truthful mentality of"lying",highlighting the deep contradiction between his unique and distinct personality trait and spiritual character.The so-called"lie"here was definitely not the deception at normal moral level,but the giving of warmth and hope to the receivers for good reasons,while the writer,Lu Xun,alone suffered from this unconscionable pain.That was exactly Lu Xun's spiritual character of humanitarian which he had persisted through half a century of historical changes and livelihood hardships,and his true practice of the noble moral of"carrying the burden of inheritance and shouldering the gate of darkness to let them go to a broad and bright place",a call of him in the early times.Through the explanation of the personality trait and spiritual character behind the mentality of"I want to lie"from the angle of personality psychology,the soul pain and the greatness behind Lu Xun's unusual mode of discourse can be understood in an more in-depth way.

关 键 词：鲁迅 《我要骗人》 人格特质 精神品格 人道主义 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]