老年住院肺结核患者营养状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of nutritional status and influencing factors of elderly hospitalized patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

作　　者：周琪 李明懿 王金秀 张红燕 杨雪娟 毛霖 Zhou Qi;Li Mingyi;Wang Jinxiu;Zhang Hongyan;Yang Xuejuan;Mao Lin(School of Public Health,Dali University,Dali 671000,China;School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,China;Tuberculosis Department of Yunnan Infectious Disease Hospital,Kunming 650301,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省大理大学公共卫生学院,大理671000 [2]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,昆明650500 [3]云南省传染病医院结核科,昆明650301

出　　处：《结核与肺部疾病杂志》2025年第2期198-203,共6页Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

摘　　要：目的:分析老年肺结核患者的营养状况及其影响因素,为老年肺结核住院患者营养干预提供参考依据。方法:采用回顾性研究,收集2020年11月15日至2024年1月31日云南省传染病医院结核科确诊为肺结核的≥65岁老年患者作为研究对象,共计134例。比较两组一般资料、影像学结果及营养状况指标[体质量指数(BMI)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PAB)、总蛋白(TP)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞(WBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、淋巴细胞计数(LYM)]水平,采用logistic回归分析患者发生营养风险的独立危险因素。结果:老年肺结核营养风险的发生率为62.7%(84/134)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有胸腔积液[OR(95%CI)=5.090(2.165~11.969)]和空洞[OR(95%CI)=3.136(1.127~8.729)]是老年肺结核发生营养风险的危险因素,ALB为30~40 g/L[OR(95%CI)=0.106(0.026~0.438)]是患者发生营养风险的保护因素。结论:老年肺结核患者营养风险发生率较高,有胸腔积液和空洞,以及ALB水平均是营养风险发生的影响因素,临床治疗中应重视老年肺结核的营养风险筛查及营养干预。Objective:To analyze the nutritional status of elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)and its influencing factors,and to provide reference for nutritional intervention for elderly hospitalized patients with TB.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 134 elderly patients aged≥65 years diagnosed with TB in the Department of TB of Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious Diseases from November 15,2020 to January 31,2024.The general data,imaging results and nutritional status index(body mass index(BMI),serum albumin(ALB),prealbumin(PAB),total protein(TP),C-reactive protein(CRP),white blood cells(WBC),hemoglobin(Hb),lymphocyte count(LYM))levels were compared between the two groups,and the independent risk factors of nutritional risk were analyzed by logistic regression method.Results:The prevalence of nutritional risk in elderly patients with TB was 62.7%(84/134).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pleural effusion(OR(95%CI)=5.090(2.165-11.969))and cavities(OR(95%CI)=3.136(1.127-8.729))were risk factors for nutritional risk in patients,while albumin 30-40 g/L(OR(95%CI)=0.106(0.026-0.438))was a protective factor for nutritional risk.Conclusion:The incidence of nutritional risk in elderly patients with TB is high,and pleural effusion,cavity and ALB level are the influencing factors of nutritional risk.In clinical treatment,attention should be paid to nutritional risk screening and nutritional intervention in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

关 键 词：老年人 结核 因素分析 统计学 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R151[医药卫生—临床医学]