高速公路二维图形与三维形貌病害数据的构建  

Construction of Disease Dataset Comprising 2D Images and 3D Morphologies of Highways

作　　者：王孜健 张涵 么新鹏 解冬东 范颂华 WANG Zijian;ZHANG Han;YAO Xinpeng;XIE Dongdong;FAN Songhua(ShanDong Hi-Speed Group,Jinan,Shandong 250098,China)

机构地区：[1]山东高速集团有限公司,山东济南250098

出　　处：《中外公路》2025年第2期238-246,共9页Journal of China & Foreign Highway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:52065024)。

摘　　要：针对国内外缺乏高速公路病害的数据样本问题,该文建立了包含高速公路2D图像和3D形貌的病害数据集,并对数据采集原理、数据处理方法、样本描述、数据质量控制与验证进行了详细阐述。该数据集包含不同车道、不同光线背景、不同道路结构共计576个细分场景下的龟裂、块状裂缝、纵向裂缝、横向裂缝、沉陷、车辙、波浪拥包、坑槽等11类高速公路路面病害;警告标志、禁令标志、指示标志、指路标志、旅游区标志、道路施工安全标志6类交通标志。该数据集不仅可以为各类高速公路缺陷检测神经网络模型提供庞大的训练样本,还可以借助该数据集对YOLOV7模型进行小样本训练,验证数据集的有效性。研究结果表明:通过建立基于高速公路场景的图像数据集,能够有效深化对高速公路病害和路面场景的理解,为解决高速公路路面病害检测问题提供了智能信息化的解决方案,并为相关算法模型的训练和后续数据集建设工作奠定了坚实基础。In response to the lack of data samples for highway diseases both in China and abroad,this paper established a disease dataset that included 2D images and 3D morphologies of highways and clarified the principles of data collection,data processing methods,sample description,data quality control,and validation.The dataset contained 11 types of highway pavement diseases such as cracks,block cracks,longitudinal cracks,transverse cracks,subsidence,rutting,wave congestion,and potholes,in a total of 576 subdivided scenarios with different lanes,different light backgrounds,and different road structures.The dataset also comprised six types of traffic signs:warning signs,prohibition signs,directional signs,guide signs,tourist area signs,and road construction safety signs.This dataset could provide a large number of training samples for neural network models for defect detection on various highways and be used for small sample training of the YOLOV7 model,verifying the effectiveness of the dataset.The results of the study show that establishing an image dataset based on highway scenarios can effectively deepen the understanding of highway diseases and pavement scenarios,provide an intelligent information-based solution to highway pavement disease detection,and lay a solid foundation for the training of relevant algorithmic models and the subsequent construction of the dataset.

关 键 词：数据集 高速公路 缺陷检测 三维重构 

分 类 号：U418[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]