玛瑙红樱桃胚败育果实和正常发育果实外观形态比较  

Comparative morphology between embryo abortion and normal fruit of'Manaohong'cherry

作　　者：宋莎 刘方利 解璞[1] 王恩权 张绿萍[1] 金吉林[1] Song Sha;Liu Fangli;Xie Pu;Wang Enquan;Zhang Lyuping;Jin Jilin(Institute of Fruit Science,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006;Anshun University)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院果树科学研究所,贵阳550006 [2]安顺学院

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第3期42-46,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般233,黔科合支撑[2022]一般092)。

摘　　要：为探索胚败育对玛瑙红樱桃果实外观形态的影响,以不同发育时期玛瑙红樱桃胚败育果实和正常发育果实为试材,通过石蜡切片法观察统计其胚败育率,测定各时期果实平均单果重、果柄长度、果柄粗度、果实纵径和果实横径以及果皮色度L^(*)、a^(*)、b^(*)值等,并进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:玛瑙红樱桃果实的胚进入快速生长期后开始大规模败育,至成熟期败育率在75%以上;正常发育果实和胚败育果实生长发育趋势基本一致,成熟期胚败育果实平均单果重低于正常发育果实,果柄与正常发育果实相比稍长且较细;快速生长期和成熟期胚败育果实L^(*)值和a^(*)值均低于正常发育果实,转色期胚败育果实b^(*)值稍低于正常发育果实;其他时期各指标无明显差异。综上,玛瑙红樱桃胚败育果实与正常发育果实的外观形态没有明显差异,测定某一果实的外观形态指标不能判断其是否胚败育。To explore the effect of embryo abortion on the appearance and morphology of‘Manaohong'cherry fruits,this study used embryo abortion fruits and normal fruits at different developmental stages of‘Manaohong'cherry as test materials.The embryo abortion rate was observed and statistically analyzed by paraffin sectioning,and the average single fruit weight,stem length,stem thickness,longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruit,and skin color L^(*),a^(*),b^(*) were measured at each stage.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted.The results showed that the embryos of‘Manaohong'cherry fruits began to undergo large-scale abortion after entering the rapid growth period,and the abortion rate reached over 75%at maturity;the growth and development trends of fruits with normal development and embryonic abortion are basically the same.During the mature stage,the average single fruit weight of fruits with embryonic abortion is lower than that of normal fruits,and the fruit stem is longer and thinner compared to normal fruits;the L^(*) and a^(*) of fruits with embryo abortion during rapid growth and maturity are lower than those of normal fruits,and the b^(*) of fruits with embryo abortion during color transformation is slightly lower than that of normal fruits;there is no significant difference in various indicators during other periods.In summary,there is no significant difference in the appearance and morphology between the embryo abortion fruit of‘Manaohong'cherry and normal fruit,and measuring the appearance and morphology indicators of a certain fruit cannot determine whether it has embryo abortion.

关 键 词：玛瑙红樱桃 胚败育 果实 外观性状 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]