新栽培模式下梨树腐烂病和白粉病发生情况研究  

Study on the occurrence of pear valsa canker and powdery mildew under new cultivation mode

作　　者：曹素芳[1] 曹继礼 赵明新[1] 曹刚[1] 王玮[1] 李红旭[1] Cao Sufang;Cao Jili;Zhao Mingxin;Cao Gang;Wang Wei;Li Hongxu(Institute of Fruit and Floriculture Research,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070;Gansu Yasheng Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.Tiaoshan Agricultural and Industrial Development Branch)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃亚盛实业(集团)股份有限公司条山农工商开发分公司

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第3期113-118,共6页China Fruits

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(32060662);甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化(重点研发计划)(2022GAAS35);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28-47);农业农村部西北地区果树科学观测实验站(S-10-18)。

摘　　要：针对新栽培模式下梨树腐烂病和白粉病的发生情况进行调查研究,明确新栽培模式下梨树腐烂病和白粉病的发生情况,为两种病害在新栽培模式下的防控提供理论依据和技术支撑。结果表明:在同一栽培模式下,不同梨品种间腐烂病的发生情况不同,其中玉露香发病最重,其次是早酥和黄冠,而雪青发病最轻;早酥的发病率及病情指数均高于黄冠,这与传统模式下对腐烂病抗性情况不同。在不同栽培模式下,同一梨品种腐烂病的发生情况也不同,早酥和黄冠采用纺锤形、行株距4.0 m×1.0 m栽培模式,玉露香采用纺锤形、行株距4.0 m×2.0 m栽培模式腐烂病发生较轻。在新栽培模式下,黄冠、玉露香、雪青对白粉病均表现为抗病,与传统栽培模式下不同梨品种对白粉病的抗性调查情况一致。The occurrence of pear valsa canker and powdery mildew under the new cultivation mode were investigated and clarified,which was provided theoretical basis and technical support for the prevention and control of the two diseases.The results showed that the incidence of pear valsa canker disease at the same cultivation mode was different at different pear varieties,among which ‘Yuluxiang' was the most serious,followed by ‘Zaosu' and‘Huangguan',but ‘Xueqing' was the lightest.The incidence and disease index of ‘Zaosu' were higher than that of‘Huangguan',which was different from the resistance of traditional model to valsa canker disease.Under different cultivation modes,the same pear variety was different.The pear valsa canker disease of ‘Zaosu' and ‘Huangguan'were slighter in fusiform row spacing 4.0 m×1.0 m cultivation mode and ‘Yuluxiang' in 4.0 m×2.0 m.Under the new cultivation mode,‘Huangguan',‘Yuluxiang',and ‘Xueqing' showed resistance to powdery mildew,which was consistent with the traditional cultivation mode.

关 键 词：梨 新栽培模式 腐烂病 白粉病 发生情况 

分 类 号：S436.612[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]