定向有机玻璃本构构建及真空吸塑成形数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation of vacuum thermoforming of oriented organic glass sheet

作　　者：宋宇生 郭新涛 SONG Yusheng;GUO Xintao(Non-metallic Materials Technology Research Institute,AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空制造技术研究院非金属材料技术研究所,北京100024

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2025年第3期418-427,共10页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

摘　　要：针对定向有机玻璃真空吸塑成形过程中的回弹问题,本文通过不同温度(90~120℃)和应变速率(0.01~0.0001 s^(-1))下定向有机玻璃的拉伸实验,及不同温度(90~110℃)和初始应变下的松弛实验,探究定向有机玻璃力学特性,开展定向有机玻璃率温相关本构模型及真空吸塑成形仿真研究。本文建立了耦合温度和应变速率的定向有机玻璃拉伸本构方程、松弛本构方程,并构建了真空吸塑成形的有限元仿真模型。基于模拟结果,研究了定向有机玻璃成形过程中成形温度和松弛时间对制件回弹的影响规律,并优选出了相应的工艺参数。结果表明:本文创建的本构方程较好地捕捉成形过程中定向有机玻璃的变形行为,依据成形仿真优化结果,在成形温度110℃、松弛时间4.1 h工艺参数下,可制出回弹量较小的典型试验件,最大回弹仅为0.72 mm。本研究为定向有机玻璃真空吸塑成形工艺的精准控制及回弹抑制提供了理论依据和实用解决方案。In addressing the springback issue during the vacuum thermoforming process of oriented organic glass,this study conducted tensile experiments on this material at temperatures ranging from 90℃to 120℃and strain rates between 0.01 and 0.0001 s^(-1).In addition,relaxation experiments were performed at different temperatures(90℃-110℃)and initial strains to investigate mechanical properties.A rate-temperature-dependent constitutive model was developed for oriented organic glass,and simulations on vacuum thermoforming processes were conducted.Moreover,a tensile constitutive equation and a relaxation constitutive equation that coupled temperature and strain rate were successfully established,along with a finite element simulation model for vacuum thermoforming.The study systematically examined the influence of forming temperature and relaxation time on the springback of the formed parts and optimized the corresponding process parameters.The results indicate that the proposed constitutive equations effectively captured the deformation behavior of oriented organic glass during the forming process.The optimization results from the forming simulation suggest that parts with minimal springback can be produced under the following process parameters:forming temperature of 110℃,relaxation time of 4.1 hours,and maximum springback of 0.72 mm.This study provides theoretical guidance and practical solutions for precise control of vacuum thermoforming processes and springback suppression in oriented organic glass manufacturing.

关 键 词：定向有机玻璃 本构模型 松弛 数值模拟 真空吸塑成形 回弹 工艺参数优化 率温相关 

分 类 号：V261.96[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]