日本应对人口老龄化的新动向和经验借鉴研究  

A study on Population Aging and Wellbeing:Lessons from Japan's Latest Policies and Practices

作　　者：王玮 胡斌[1] 崔开昌[2] Wang Wei;Hu Bin;Cui Kaichang

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学管理学院,上海201620 [2]上海工程技术大学党委政策研究室,上海201620

出　　处：《日本研究》2024年第4期77-88,共12页Japan Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“破解老年人‘数字鸿沟’的机制、路径与对策研究”(项目编号:21AGL024)。

摘　　要：积极应对人口老龄化已经成为我国的一项长期战略任务。老年人口规模持续扩大正在改变社会结构,对经济发展、社会保障等领域影响深远,亟需构建应对人口老龄化的制度框架并完善措施。作为全球最早进入老龄化的国家,日本经过多年实践,在应对老龄化问题上已经积累了丰富的经验。本文从民生发展理论多维度视角出发,分析日本人口老龄化的现状和问题,解读其在生命保障,生活保障和生存保障三个维度的政策新发展动向并梳理参考方案。镜鉴日本公助引导、企业互助和个人自助为辅的多渠道、多形式、多维度的保障模式,可推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合,对我国解决高龄化社会问题,实现可持续发展有益。Actively responding to population aging has become a long-term strategic task in China.As the elderly population continues to grow and the issue of population aging becomes increasingly prominent,along with persistent regional economic disparities,China faces an urgent need for a well-defined institutional framework and detailed implementation plans.As one of the earliest countries to enter the aging society,Japan has accumulated rich experiences in dealing with aging problem after many years of practicing.Building on this context,this paper examines the current state and challenges of population aging in Japan through the lens of three dimensions central to people's livelihood:health and wellness,living conditions,social participation and economic stability.It explores recent policy developments across these dimensions and synthesizes actionable insights.Drawing on Japan's multidimensional approach-combining public assistance,corporate mutual support,and individual self-reliance—the paper advocates for a balanced integration of market efficiency and proactive government intervention.Japan's experience provides a useful reference for China to solve the problem of an aging society and achieve sustainable development.

关 键 词：人口老龄化 生命保障 生存保障 生活保障 应对策略 

分 类 号：D83[政治法律—政治学] D87[政治法律—外交学]