南宁市主城区公园绿地自生植物调查与多样性分析  

Survey and Diversity Analysis of Spontaneous Plants in the Park Green Space of the Main Urban Area of Nanning

作　　者：纪宝林 罗应华[1] JI Baolin;LUO Yinghua(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第2期103-109,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31200330)。

摘　　要：自生植物在生态修复设计、人工群落改良等生态实践领域具有较大的应用潜力,其自身具有养护成本低、生长力强、生态价值高等特点,在城市绿地景观营造中具有较大的应用价值。采取典型样地法对南宁市主城区的5类12处公园绿地的自生植物进行调查,并对公园绿地自生植物的物种频度、重要值、丰富度指数、多样性指数、均匀度指数进行分析。结果表明,12处公园绿地共346种自生植物,隶属于108科278属。其中乡土植物224种,外来种30种,入侵种92种,分别占植物总数的64.74%、13.29%、26.59%。自生植物最多的公园类型为湿地公园,乡土物种比例最高的是综合公园,最低的是社区公园。物种丰富度最高的为湿地公园,多样性和均匀度最高的为社区公园。自生植物主要以草本植物为主,在4类公园类型中占优势地位的植物分别为鬼针草(Bidenspilosa)、黄鹌菜(Youngiajaponica)、秋枫(Bischofiajavanica)。自生植物具有较好的生态与园林应用价值,在未来的城市绿地建设中,应提高乡土自生植物比例,避免景观的同质化,减少各微生境中的分化现象,并根据不同生境特点打造特色园林景观。Spontaneous plants have great application potential in ecological restoration design,artificial community improvement,and other areas of environmental practice,which have low maintenance costs,strong growth,and high ecological value,and they have great application value in the creation of urban green space landscapes.In this study,the typical plot method was used to investigate the spontaneous plants in 12 parks in five categories in the main urban area of Nanning,and the species frequency,importance value,richness index,diversity index,and evenness index of authigenic plants in park green space were analyzed.The results revealed 346 species of spontaneous plants belonging to 108 families and 278 genera in 12 park green spaces.Among them,224 species of native plants,30 species of exotic species,and 92 species of invasive species accounted for 64.74%,13.29%,and 26.59%of the total number of plants,respectively.The park type with the most spontaneous plants was wetland parks,while the highest proportion of native species was in comprehensive parks,and the lowest was in community parks.The highest species richness was in wetland parks,and the highest diversity and evenness were found in community parks.The spontaneous plants are mainly herbaceous plants,and the dominant plants in these park types are Bidens pilosa,Youngia japonica,and Bischofia javanica.Spontaneous plants have better ecological and landscape application value.In the future construction of urban green spaces,the proportion of native spontaneous plants should be increased to avoid homogenization of the landscape,reduce the phenomenon of differentiation in each microhabitat,and create a characteristic landscape according to the characteristics of different habitats.

关 键 词：南宁市 公园绿地 自生植物 多样性分析 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]