芪苓绞股蓝散对低温暴露肉鸡右心肥大和生产性能影响的研究  

Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Right Heart Hypertrophy and Production Performance of Broilers Exposed to Low Temperature

作　　者：余娟[1] 徐敏 王青[1] 徐彦召[1] YU Juan;XU Min;WANG Qing;XU Yanzhao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Xinxiang,Henan 453003;College of Bioengineering,Xinxiang University of Engineering,Xinxiang,Henan 453003)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院动物科技学院,河南新乡453003 [2]新乡工程学院生物工程学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《中国家禽》2025年第4期62-71,共10页China Poultry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32273042);河南省科技攻关项目(232102110086、222102110411)。

摘　　要：为探究芪苓绞股蓝散对低温暴露肉鸡右心肥大和生产性能的影响,试验将120只7日龄罗斯308肉鸡适应性饲养1周,于14日龄随机分为对照组、模型组、芪苓绞股蓝散组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组按照肉鸡常规饲养逐渐将室内温度降低至大约25℃直至42日龄;模型组和芪苓绞股蓝散组肉鸡自14日龄逐步降低室内温度,21~42日龄维持低温,分别于21、28、35和42日龄采集右心组织,记录并统计各组平均日增重、料重比、心脏指数、右心室和全心室重量,计算右心肥大指数(RV/TV),采用Masson染色观察右心组织学损伤和纤维化病变,ELISA试剂盒检测右心氧化应激指标水平、纤维化相关因子和细胞凋亡因子蛋白水平。结果显示:与对照组相比,低温模型组肉鸡心脏指数在21和28日龄显著增加(P<0.05),4个检测时间点料重比、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著降低(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)水平显著增加(P<0.05),21、28和42日龄平均日增重显著降低(P<0.05),而RV/TV比值显著增加(P<0.05)且平均值均高于0.25,表明低温暴露诱使肉鸡发生了右心肥大;右心纤维化和凋亡检测结果显示:模型组心肌纤维肿胀,排列紊乱,心肌细胞颗粒变性、坏死,心肌间质内有明显的蓝色条索状胶原纤维增多,心肌结构破坏和严重的心肌纤维化;21、35和42日龄TGF-β1水平,4个检测时间点的Smad2、COL1A1、MMP2和促凋亡因子(p53、c-Jun和c-fos)水平均显著增加(P<0.05),21和28日龄Bcl-2水平显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,芪苓绞股蓝散组35、42日龄肉鸡心脏指数和21、42日龄RV/TV比值显著降低(P<0.05),21、28和35日龄平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),4个检测时间点料重比显著降低(P<0.05),21、35和42日龄SOD活性以及4个检测时间点CAT和GSH-Px活性均显著提高(P<0.05),且MDA水平显著降低(P<0.05),21、35和42日龄TGF-β1以及28、35和42To investigate the effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on the right ventricular hypertrophy and production performance of broilers exposed to low temperature,1207-day-age Ross 308 broilers were adaptively raised for a week and randomly divided into the control group,model group and Qiling Jiaogulan Powder group at 14 days of age with 5 replicates per group and 8 chickens per replicate.The room temperature of the control group was gradually cooled down to approximately 25℃until 42 days of age according to the routine feeding of broilers;The room temperatures of model group and Qiling Jiaogulan Powder group broilers were gradually cooled down from 14 days of age,maintaining low temperature from 21 to 42 days of age.Right heart tissue was collected at 21,28,35 and 42 days of age,and the average daily gain,feed to gain ratio,heart index,right ventricular and total ventricular weight of the experimental groups were recorded and statistically analyzed.Right heart hypertrophy index(RV/TV)was calculated.Masson staining was used to observe histological injury and fibrosis of right heart.The levels of oxidative stress index,fibrosis-related factor and apoptosis factor protein in the right heart were detected by ELISA.The results showed that compared with the control group,the cardiac index of model group significantly increased at 21 and 28 days of age(P<0.05),the ratio of feed to gain and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)at four detection points were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and malondialdehyde(MDA)level was significantly increased(P<0.05),the average daily gain of broilers at 21 and 28 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the RV/TV ratio was significantly increased at 21,28 and 42 days of age(P<0.05)and the average values were higher than 0.25,indicating that low temperature exposure induced right heart hypertrophy in broilers.The detection results of right ventricular fibrosis and apoptosis showed that the model group had myocardial fiber sw

关 键 词：芪苓绞股蓝散 低温暴露 肉鸡 心肌纤维化 心肌细胞凋亡 生产性能 

分 类 号：S852.3[农业科学—基础兽医学]