鸡性别鉴定和性别控制的方法  

Methods for Chicken Sex Determination Technology and Sex Control Technology

作　　者：王兆川 李艳涛 温锦添 黎镇晖 WANG Zhaochuan;LI Yantao;WEN Jintian;LI Zhenhui(College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国家禽》2025年第4期105-109,共5页China Poultry

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022B1515120049)。

摘　　要：性别鉴定技术是指通过动物的一些表型、遗传等的不同区分公母。而性别控制技术是指在人为干预下,让动物产出人们需要性别的后代的一种技术。随着家禽产业的飞速发展,高效且精确的性别鉴定和性别控制技术成为了提高家禽生产经济效益的重要方向。文章以性别为切入点,讨论了鸡在性别决定上起作用的关键基因和公母鸡性腺分化上的不同机制,并总结鸡性别鉴定的方式和性别控制的方法,其中包括雏鸡和鸡胚的不同性别鉴定方式。性别控制上分为遗传方法和非遗传方法,其中重点讨论现在基因编辑技术的发展以及在性别控制上的一些应用,为基因编辑技术在鸡性别鉴定领域的研究提供参考。Sex determination technology refers to distinguishing between male and female animals based on various pheno-typic and genetic characteristics.Sex control technology,on the other hand,involves manipulating animals to produce offspring of the desired sex through human intervention.With the rapid development of the poultry industry,efficient and accurate sex deter-mination and sex control techniques have become essential for improving poultry production and economic benefits.This article focused on sex as a starting point and discusses key genes involved in sex determination in chickens,as well as the different mech-anisms of gonadal differentiation between males and females.It also introduced methods for sex determination in chickens,includ-ing techniques for identifying sex in chicks and embryos.Sex control methods can be categorized as genetic or non-genetic ap-proaches.Notably,the discussion highlighted the current developments in gene editing technology and its applications in sex con-trol,providing valuable insights for research in the field of chicken sex determination.

关 键 词：鸡 性别鉴定 性别控制 基因编辑 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]