57NG208与南涧果蔗正反交后代的抗倒伏性评价  

Lodging Resistance Evaluation of Reciprocal Hybrids Between 57NG208 and Nanjian Chewing Cane

作　　者：俞华先 安汝东[1,2] 桃联安 经艳芬[1,2] 郎荣斌 边芯[1,2] 张钰 刘新龙[1,2] 刘家勇 赵丽萍[1,2] 刘洪博 张革民[3] 张保青 YU Huaxian;AN Rudong;TAO Lianan;JING Yanfen;LANG Rongbin;BIAN Xin;ZHANG Yu;LIU Xinlong;LIU Jiayong;ZHAO Liping;LIU Hongbo;ZHANG Gemin;ZHANG Baoqing(National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China;Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699,China;Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Nanning,Guangxi 530000,China)

机构地区：[1]热带作物生物育种全国重点实验室,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699 [3]广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2025年第4期914-923,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室开放课题项目(No.21-238-16K-01-01);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2022YFD2301100);云南省农业联合专项重点项目(No.202101BD070001-025)。

摘　　要：倒伏是甘蔗高产、高糖和机收的重要限制因素之一,也是甘蔗宜机化育种亟待解决的问题。本研究以24份大茎野生种57NG208与南涧果蔗正反交后代和1份PT43-52(CK)为研究材料,测定其株高、基部茎径、中部茎径、锤度、重心高度、单茎重、抗倒伏指数、基部和中部茎径比值和茎秆折断力9个指标,采用相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数法和聚类分析对其进行综合评价。结果表明:25份材料抗倒伏指数和农艺性状等9个指标的变异系数分布在11.57%~30.80%之间,性状明显分离,变异丰富。相关性分析结果表明,抗倒伏指数与锤度、基部茎径、基部和中部茎径比值、重心高度、单茎重和茎秆折断力呈极显著正相关,与株高和中部茎径呈负相关。主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率达75.7717%,代表了参试材料抗倒伏的绝大部分信息;聚类分析结果表明,25份材料可聚为3大类,与隶属函数评价结果基部吻合,其中第Ⅰ类中的13份材料抗倒伏性能优异,综合评价得分较高,尤其是云瑞12-9-45、云瑞12-9-5、云瑞12-38-32、PT43-52和云瑞12-38-46等5份种质材料,除云瑞12-38-46的抗倒伏指数为2.94外,其余种质的抗倒伏指数均为3.00,其综合评价E值位于前5位,可在今后品种的抗倒性改良中重点利用。Lodging was one of the important limiting factors for high yield,high sugar content and mechanized harvesting of sugarcane,and it was also an urgent problem to be solved in sugarcane mechanized breeding.In this study,24 reciprocal hybrids of 57NG208 and Nanjian chewing cane and PT43-52(CK)were used as research materials.The plant height,basal stem diameter,middle stem diameter,brix,center of gravity height,single stem weight,the lodging resistance index,basal and middle stem diameter ratio and stem breaking force were measured.The correlation analysis,principal component analysis,membership function method and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate them.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 9 indexes such as lodging resistance index and agronomic traits of 25 materials was between 11.57% and 30.80%,and the traits were obviously separated and the variation was abundant.The correlation analysis showed that the lodging resistance index was significantly positively correlated with brix,basal stem diameter,basal and middle stem diameter ratio,center of gravity height,single stem weight and stem breaking force,and negatively correlated with plant height and middle stem diameter.The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 75.7717%,which represented most of the information of lodging resistance of the tested materials.Cluster analysis showed that 25 materials could be clustered into three categories,and the results were consistent with the results of membership function evaluation.Among them,13 materials in the first category had excellent lodging resistance and high comprehensive evaluation scores,especially Yunrui 12-9-45,Yunrui 12-9-5,Yunrui 12-38-32,PT43-52 and Yunrui 12-38-46.The lodging resistance index of the remaining germplasms was 3.00 except Yunrui 12-38-46,and the comprehensive evaluation E value was in the top 5,which should be used in the future improvement of lodging resistance.

关 键 词：大茎野生种 南涧果蔗 抗倒伏 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]