轴承钢生产关键技术及发展浅析  

Analysis on Key Technologies for Producing Bearing Steels and the Latest Developments

作　　者：秦哲 安文瑞 周天鹏 QIN Zhe;AN Wenrui;ZHOU Tianpeng(Ansteel Beijing Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijng 102200,China;Xi'an Chaojing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司,北京昌平102200 [2]西安超晶科技股份有限公司,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《鞍钢技术》2025年第2期12-18,36,共8页Angang Technology

摘　　要：轴承钢是一类重要的钢铁材料品种,其冶金质量要求极为严格。总结了轴承钢产品的发展现状,介绍了我国轴承钢行业在产品质量控制和高端产品研发方面与国外存在的差距。围绕轴承钢生产过程中的关键技术,梳理分析了国内轴承钢行业在氧含量控制、夹杂物控制、连铸坯组织控制、碳化物控制、热处理工艺等方面的发展现状。氧含量控制要协调转炉高拉碳、脱氧工艺、钢渣精炼、钢包吹氩以及真空脱气精炼等方法。同时,冶炼过程中的钢渣精炼、夹杂物变性、中间包冶金以及电磁搅拌等工艺可有效控制夹杂物。在连铸坯组织控制方面,需协调运用低过热度、电磁搅拌以及凝固末端压下等技术。碳化物则主要通过合适的热处理与控轧控冷工艺进行控制。最后,探讨了国产轴承钢生产技术的一些未来发展趋势。The bearing steel is an important kind of steel materials,its metallurgical quality requirements are extremely strict.Firstly,the current development status of bearing steel products was summarized,and then,the gaps between domestic bearing steel industry and foreign countries in terms of the product quality control and top products research and development were introduced.Furthermore,focusing on the key technologies in the production process of bearing steels,the developments of domestic bearing steel industry in control of oxygen content,inclusion,continuous casting billet microstructure,carbides and heat treatment process were analyzed.After that,it was concluded that the control of oxygen content should coordinate the process of high carbon pulling in converter,deoxidation process,steel slag refining,ladle argon blowing and vacuum degassing refining.At the same time,slag refining,inclusion denaturation,tundish metallurgy and electromagnetic stirring could effectively control inclusions in smelting process.In the aspect of microstructure control of continuous casting slab,it was necessary to use low superheat,electromagnetic stirring and solidification end reduction in coordination.However,carbides were mainly controlled by suitable heat treatment,controlled rolling and cooling process.Finally,some future development trends of domestic bearing steel production technologies were discussed.

关 键 词：轴承钢 夹杂物 碳化物 热处理 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]