汉藏语系的形成与史前文化的扩散  

The Formation of the Trans-Himalayan Language Family and the Dispersion of Prehistoric Cultures

作　　者：侯光良 HOU Guang-liang(School of Geographic Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期23-29,共7页Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大项目“传承发展昆仑文化与铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究”子课题;青海省教育系统铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究—基于青海博物馆的“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”研学课程的开发与设计(Qhjymz2024-009)。

摘　　要：语言的形成演变与人群的演化、迁徙密切相关,汉藏语系作为世界上较大语系之一,拥有众多的分支。各分支之间存在密切的发生学联系。按照汉藏语系语言谱系树理论,结合考古证据,发现:5900年前的黄河中游的仰韶文化向青藏高原东部、黄土高原西部的扩张,与汉藏语系分化为汉语族与藏缅语族有关。4700年前的马家窑文化向青藏高原内部、东部横断山河谷地带的扩散,与藏缅语族分化有关。而3000年前的青藏高原及其周边地区的青铜文化的多样性,奠定了现今汉藏语系谱系众多的现代格局。The formation and evolution of languages are closely related to human migration and development.The Trans-Himalayan language family,one of the largest language families in the world,consists of many branches that share strong genetic link.Based on the Trans-Himalayan language genealogy tree theory and archaeological evidence,it has been found the differentiation of the Trans-Himalayan language family into Chinese and Tibeto-Burman languages was associated with the expansion of the Yangshao culture 5900 years ago,from the middle reaches of the Yellow River to the eastern Oinghai-Xizang Plateau and the western Loess Plateau.The further differentiation of the Tibeto-Burman language family was linked to the expansion of the Majiayao culture into the interior of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Hengduan mountain valleys 4700 years ago.The diversity of bronze cultures in and around the Oinghai-Xizang Plateau 3000 years ago contributed to the formation of the modern pattern of many Trans Himalayan language branches seen today.

关 键 词：语言演化 汉藏语系 农业扩散 

分 类 号：H4[语言文字]