失信联合惩戒机制的争议与机制完善  

Controversy and Mechanism Improvement about the Joint Punishment Mechanism for Dishonesty

作　　者：闫小良 崔琦 YAN Xiao-liang;CUI Qi(China Cybersecurity Review,Certification and Market Regulation Big Data Center,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]中国网络安全审查认证和市场监管大数据中心,北京100045

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期78-84,共7页Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“社会治理与智慧社会科技支撑(平安中国)”重点专项“市场主体失信信息融合与信用风险预警技术研究及应用”(2022YFC33024)。

摘　　要：关于失信联合惩戒机制的争议问题,现有研究可以分为失信联合惩戒机制的理论争议和实施争议两个部分。前者包括“失信”的范围、失信联合惩戒的性质和失信联合惩戒的措施,后者包括失信联合惩戒机制的法治困境和法治化进路。总体而言,失信联合惩戒机制已经将规制对象从“行为”,转向了“主体”,而不当联结禁止原则仍然是针对“行为”,因此,失信联合惩戒机制的法治化进路应当摒弃失信惩戒理念,转而以风险预防理念。未来应通过明确严重失信名单列入标准、细化惩戒比例衡量基准、界定风险预防措施的适用限度,实现失信联合惩戒风险预防功能转型。同时,通过融入数字政府建设,促进失信联合惩戒机制的部门协同配合,以更为精确的算法测量违法风险。The existing research on the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty can be divided into two parts:theoretical disputes on the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty and implementation disputes on the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty.The former includes the scope of“dishonesty”,the nature of joint punishment for dishonesty,and the scope of joint punishment measures for dishonesty,while the latter includes the legal dilemma of the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty and the legal approach of the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty.Overall,the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty has shifted its regulatory focus from"behavior"to"subject",while the principle of improper association prohibition still applies to"behavior".Therefore,the legal approach of the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty should abandon the concept of dishonesty punishment and instead adopt the concept of risk prevention.In the future,the transformation of the risk prevention function of joint punishment for dishonesty should be achieved by clarifying the criteria for inclusion in the list of serious dishonesty,refining the benchmark for measuring the proportion of punishment,and defining the scope of application of risk prevention measures.At the same time,by integrating into the construction of digital government,promoting the collaborative cooperation of departments in the joint punishment mechanism for dishonesty,and using more accurate algorithms to measure the risk of illegal activities.

关 键 词：失信联合惩戒 信用规制 风险预防 数字政府 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]