一种多品种玉米脂溶性根系分泌物同步收集体系的构建及在生物硝化抑制剂研究中的应用  

Construction of Synchronous Collection System for Hydrophobic Root Exudates from Multiple Maize Varieties and Its Application in BNI Research

作　　者：侯宇 陆玉芳[1,2] 施卫明 李光杰[1,2] HOU Yu;LU Yufang;SHI Weiming;LI Guangjie(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展全国重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京211135 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤》2025年第1期17-23,共7页Soils

基　　金：黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28020301);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2023326)资助。

摘　　要：本文以玉米为例,设计了一种多品种玉米脂溶性根系分泌物同步收集的新体系。新收集体系包括一种新的玉米培养装置和相应的收集方法。培养装置主体由固持板和储水箱构成,玉米在固持板内部竖直生长,由板内部湿润滤纸提供水分。待板内玉米培养至12 d后通过二氯甲烷浸泡根部2 d的方法来收集其根系分泌物。研究发现,相比于传统水培收集体系,利用新收集体系能同时收集300株玉米苗期脂溶性根系分泌物,收集试剂改变后不仅显著提高根系分泌物的生物硝化抑制(BNI)活性,而且还大幅节省了收集空间88%、营养液用量99%以及人力94%。通过该新收集体系同步收集的我国10个典型玉米品种脂溶性根系分泌物均有显著的BNI活性,平均达55%,且超过半数品种抑制率超过50%。不同玉米品种间也表现出明显的差异,其中先玉335和郑单958抑制率均超过75%,吉单33、金玉188、瑞普909和北育851抑制率在30%~40%左右,两个批次收集的试验结果重复性好。上述结果表明,本新收集体系可用于多品种玉米等旱作作物脂溶性根系分泌物的同步收集,并有望应用于玉米BNIs的鉴定及BNI遗传位点解析等研究中。This study took maize as an example and designed a new system for synchronous collection of hydrophobic root exudates from multiple varieties of maize.The new collection system includes a new maize cultivation device and corresponding collection methods.The main body of the cultivation device consists of a fixed plate and a water storage tank.Maize grows vertically inside the fixing plate,and moisture is provided by the moist filter paper inside the plate.The root exudates of maize in the board are collected by rinsing or soaking the roots after 12 days of cultivation.Compared to the traditional hydroponic collection methods,this new synchronous collection system can not only significantly improve the biological nitrification inhibition(BNI)activity of root exudates,but also significantly save 88%of collection space,99%of nutrient solution usage,and 94%of manpower.The root exudates of 10 typical maize varieties collected synchronously through this system showed significant BNI activity,with an average of 55%,and more than half of the varieties had an inhibition rate of over 50%.There were also significant differences among different corn varieties,with the inhibition rates of Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958 exceeding 75%,while Jidan 33,Jinyu 188,Ruipu 909 and Beiyu 851 had inhibition of around 30%–40%.The experimental results of two batches had good reproducibility.These results indicated that the new system can be used for synchronous collection of hydrophobic root exudates from multiple varieties of dryland crops,and can be applied in the identification of maize BNI and analysis of BNI genetic locus.

关 键 词：生物硝化抑制剂 根系分泌物 收集体系 玉米 多品种 

分 类 号：S145.9[农业科学—肥料学]