黄土母质典型农田土壤无机碳与有机碳的关系及影响因素  

Relationship of Soil Inorganic and Organic Carbon and Main Regulating Factors in Typical Loess Farmlands

作　　者：墨美玲 王秀君 徐明岗 卢同平 MO Meiling;WANG Xiujun;XU Minggang;LU Tongping(Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources,Institute of Eco-environment and Industrial Technology,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Carbon Neutrality,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [2]山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院/土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,太原030031 [3]北京大学城市与环境学院/北京大学碳中和研究院,北京100871

出　　处：《土壤》2025年第1期35-46,共12页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42177341)资助。

摘　　要：针对黄土母质农田土壤无机碳(SIC)的空间异质性及其与土壤有机碳(SOC)的复杂关系,本研究搜集了黄土高原和华北平原地区同时包含有SIC和SOC的0~100 cm农田土壤剖面观测数据,并经过整理和标准化处理,获得了具有代表性的SIC和SOC土壤剖面数据,开展了对黄土母质农田SIC和SOC的空间分布特征、二者之间关系及影响因素的分析。结果显示,两个区域0~100 cm土层的SOC储量相近(华北平原6.6 kg/m^(2),黄土高原6.7 kg/m^(2))。但SIC储量存在明显差异:在0~40 cm土层中,华北平原的SIC储量(5.9 kg/m^(2))显著低于黄土高原(8.9 kg/m^(2));相反,在40~100 cm土层中,华北平原的SIC储量(10.7 kg/m^(2))显著高于黄土高原(8.8 kg/m^(2))。华北平原表层SIC水平偏低的点位主要分布在耕作历史较长的河北平原,长期农作施肥引起上层土壤酸化导致SIC水解;黄土高原表层SIC水平偏高的农田多位于侵蚀程度高、肥力水平低的西部区域,侵蚀过程使得SIC含量较高的亚表层土壤露出地表。华北平原农田0~100 cm土层中的SIC与SOC呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01),黄土高原0~100 cm土层中的SIC与SOC呈负相关关系。综上,华北平原SIC储量及其与SOC的关系主要受施肥、灌溉等农田管理措施的影响,而黄土高原则与其不同程度的土壤侵蚀导致的土壤碳在空间上的重新分配有关。To better understand the spatial heterogeneity of soil inorganic carbon(SIC)in loess parent material farmlands and its complex relationship with soil organic carbon(SOC),field data from farmland sites containing both SIC and SOC from 0 to 100 cm depth across the Loess Plateau and North China Plain were collected.After reorganizing and standardizing,the representative SIC and SOC soil profile datasets were obtained and utilized to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of SIC and SOC,their interrelationship,and influencing factors in the loess farmlands.The results showed that similar mean SOC stock in the 0-100 cm soil layer across the two regions(6.6 kg/m^(2)in the North China Plain and 6.7 kg/m^(2)in the Loess Plat eau).However,there were significant differences in SIC stock,in the 0–40 cm soil layer,SIC stock in the North China Plain(5.9 kg/m^(2))was significantly lower than in the Loess Plateau(8.9 kg/m^(2));conversely,in the 40–100 cm soil layer,SIC stock in the North China Plain(10.7 kg/m^(2))was significantly higher than in the Loess Plateau(8.8 kg/m^(2)).Sites with lower surface SIC levels in the North China Plain were mainly distributed in the Hebei Plain,with longer farming history,which might experience SIC dissolution in association with fertilization.Sites with higher surface SIC levels in the Loess Plateau were mostly found in low fertility soils located in western regions experiencing higher erosion with high-SIC subsoil exposed.A significant positive correlation(P<0.01)was found between SIC and SOC in the 0–100 cm soil layer of the North China Plain,while a negative correlation was observed in the Loess Plateau 0–100 cm soil layer.In summary,the SIC stock and its relationship with SOC in the Nor th China Plain are mainly influenced by agricultural management practices such as fertilization and irrigation.In contrast,in the Loess Platea u,it is related to the spatial redistribution of soil carbon due to varying degrees of soil erosion.

关 键 词：土壤无机碳 土壤有机碳 黄土母质 空间异质性 华北平原 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]