烟草根腐病不同抗性品种根际土壤真菌群落结构及功能对连作的响应  

Responses of Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure and Function to Continuous Cropping of Different Resistant Varieties of Tobacco Root Rot

作　　者：敖金成 秦树刚 邱学礼[4] 周敏[4] 周绍松[4] 鲁耀[4] 扶艳艳 孔垂思[4] 毛妍婷[4] 余小芬[4] 罗以贵 AO Jincheng;QIN Shugang;QIU Xueli;ZHOU Min;ZHOU Shaosong;LU Yao;FU Yanyan;KONG Chuisi;MAOYanting;YU Xiaofen;LUO Yigui(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Wenshan University,Wenshan,Yunnan 663000,China;Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing Branch,Qujing,Yunnan 655000,China;Agricultural Resources&Environment Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]文山学院,云南文山663000 [3]云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司,云南曲靖655000 [4]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《土壤》2025年第1期107-113,共7页Soils

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1901504-06);青年人才项目(202405AC350095)资助。

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,利用Ⅰllumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对连作条件下烟草根腐病抗病品种云烟87和感病品种红花大金元(以下简称“红大”)根际土壤真菌ITS序列进行测序分析。结果表明:长期连作(4 a和8 a)下,感病品种根际土壤真菌群落相对丰度、多样性及特有物种数高于抗病品种。门水平上,感病品种根际土壤优势菌群子囊菌门(Ascomycota)相对丰度高于抗病品种,被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)相对丰度低于抗病品种;属水平上,青霉菌属(Penicillium)、被孢霉属(Chrysosporium)、f_Chytridiaceaes优势菌属相对丰度低于抗病品种。MetaCyc功能预测结果显示,随连作年限的增加,感病品种根际土壤真菌脂肪酸延伸–饱和代谢途径相对丰度呈先降后升趋势,抗病品种呈增加趋势。不同连作年限下感病品种根际土壤真菌群落的脂肪酸氧化Ⅰ、乙醛酸循环、磷酸戊糖途径(非氧化支)、卡尔文循环、糖酵解Ⅲ(从葡萄糖)、血红素生物合成Ⅰ、辅酶A生物合成Ⅰ、糖异生Ⅰ代谢途径相对丰度均明显高于抗病品种,且随连作年限的增加呈增加趋势,抗病品种呈先降后升趋势。综上,长期连作条件下,降低真菌群落丰度、多样性、代谢途径相对丰度及特有物种类群,提高有益菌群丰度是烤烟品种云烟87抗烟草根腐病的微生物机制。Tobacco root rot disease resistant cultivar Yunyan87 and susceptible cultivar Honghua Dajinyuan(‘Hongda’for short)were used as materials,a pot experiment was conducted to analyze the community structure,diversity and function of fungi in the rhizosphere soils under continuous cropping(4 and 8 years)usingⅠllumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that,the relative abundance,diversity indexes,and numbers of endemic species in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of susceptible cultivars were higher than those of the resistant cultivars.Compared to the resistant varieties,the relative abundance of the dominant rhizosphere Ascomycota was higher in susceptible varieties,and those of potential fungi of Mortierellomycota,Basidiomycota,Chytridiomycota were lower at phylum level,while the relative abundance of Penicillium,Chrysosporium,f_Chytridiaceaes were lower at genus level.MetaCyc functional prediction results showed that,with the increase of continuous cropping years,the relative abundance of fungal Fatty acid extension-saturated metabolic pathway decreased first and then increased in rhizosphere soil fungi of susceptible varieties,while that of resistant varieties increased.Under different continuous cropping years,the relative abundance of Fatty acid oxidationⅠ,Glyoxylic acid cycle,Pentose phosphate pathway(non-oxidized branch),Calvin cycle,GlycolysisⅢ(from glucose),Heme biosunthesisⅠ,Coenzyme A biosynthesisⅠand GluconeogenesisⅠwere significantly higher in rhizesphere soil fungal communities of susceptible varieties than those of resistant varieties.In conclusion,reducing the abundance,diversity,relative abundance of metabolic pathways,and increasing endemic species and t he abundance of beneficial bacteria are the microbial mechanisms of tobacco varieties Yunyan87 resistant tobacco root rot under long-term continuous cropping conditions.

关 键 词：连作 烟草根腐病 土壤真菌群落 功能预测 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]