废弃锂电池热转化过程典型有机污染物及其潜在健康风险评估  

Typical organic pollutants during thermal conversion process of waste lithium-ion batteries and its potential health risk assessment

作　　者：张佳雯 王文捷 刘世君 朱春友 刘宇 李良忠 袁浩然[1,2] ZHANG Jiawen;WANG Wenjie;LIU Shijun;ZHU Chunyou;LIU Yu;LI Liangzhong;YUAN Haoran(Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High-Quality Recycling of End-of-Life New Energy Devices,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion;College of Materials and Energy,South China Agricultural University;School of Public Health,China Medical University)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所 [2]广东省退役新能源器件高质循环利用重点实验室,广州能源研究所 [3]华南农业大学材料与能源学院 [4]中国医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第2期349-357,共9页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：广东省科技基础条件建设专项科学考察项目(2024B1212050002)。

摘　　要：为识别废弃锂离子电池及其热过程产物中的典型有机污染物、评估呼吸暴露对职业人群的潜在健康风险,运用气相-高分辨质谱和液相-高分辨质谱技术,开展了非靶标筛查分析。结果显示,废弃锂电池样品提取液中检出115种有机化合物,以芳香类化合物(34.8%)和脂质类化合物(17.4%)为主,包含多氟/全氟烷基化合物、有机磷酸酯和邻苯二甲酸酯等具有健康危害的新污染物。经过550℃氮气气氛热解,废弃锂电池样品剩余固体中化合物种类显著减少。然而,热解产物中检测到374种化合物,主要分布在热解气和热解油中,以多环芳烃及其衍生物为主,其中菲的浓度高达1675μg/m^(3)。通过对多环芳烃的终身致癌风险评估,初步发现废弃锂电池热解气体产物可能对职业人群造成潜在的终身致癌风险。In order to identify typical organic pollutants in waste lithium-ion batteries(LIB)and their thermal process by-products,and to assess the potential health risks of respiratory exposure to the occupational group,nontargeted screening analysis was conducted using both gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(GCHRMS)and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HRMS).The results revealed that 115 organic compounds were identified in the waste LIB extract,predominantly aromatic compounds(34.8%)as well as lipids and lipid-like molecules(17.4%),including per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances,organophosphate ester,and phthalates,which are known to pose health hazards.After the pyrolysis process at 550°C in a nitrogen atmosphere,the variety of compounds in the waste LIB sample significantly decreased.However,373 compounds were detected in the pyrolysis products,including a substantial number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives,with a notable concentration of phenanthrene reaching 1675μg/m^(3)in the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil.The incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk assessment of PAHs indicated that the pyrolysis gas products of the waste LIB sample could pose lifetime carcinogenic risks to the occupational group..

关 键 词：废弃锂电池 热解 非靶标筛查 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X773[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4