生物炭对硫自养反硝化人工湿地深度净化污水厂尾水的影响  

Effect of biochar on the advanced purification of tailwater of sewage treatment plant by sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification constructed wetland

作　　者：苑振华 刘光明 陈启斌[1] 王朝旭[1] YUAN Zhenhua;LIU Guangming;CHEN Qibin;WANG Chaoxu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology;Stecol Corporation North International Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院 [2]中电建市政建设集团北方国际工程有限公司

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第2期559-571,共13页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201901D111066)。

摘　　要：为探究生物炭对硫自养反硝化人工湿地深度净化污水厂尾水的影响及微生物机理,分别构建硫磺+石灰石(CW-C)与硫磺+石灰石+杏仁壳生物炭(CW-B)垂直潜流人工湿地,测定不同水力停留时间(HRT)下出水COD、TN、NO_(3)^(-)-N、NO_(2)^(-)-N、NH_(4)^(+)-N、SO_(4)^(2-)和溶解氧浓度,利用高通量测序技术分析微生物群落结构,并用PICRUSt软件预测氮、硫循环功能基因相对丰度。结果表明,HRT=4 h时,CW-C和CW-B的TN平均去除率分别较其他HRT高6.18%-21.14%和5.63%-15.92%,且CW-B的NO_(3)^(-)-N去除率(均值96.66%)显著高于CW-C(95.50%,P<0.01)。生物炭在人工湿地中营造了更低的溶解氧环境,使硫自养反硝化微生物的主要菌门Bacteroidota和Chloroflexi以及主要菌属Chlorobium、Geothrix、norank_fPHOS-HE36和Thiothrix相对丰度增加,同时使异养反硝化微生物的主要菌门Actinobacteriota和Firmicutes以及主要菌属norank_fCaldilineaceae、unclassified_fRhodocyclaceae和Denitratisoma相对丰度增加;另外,生物炭使人工湿地硫酸盐同化还原过程功能基因(sat、cysH和sir)相对丰度升高。生物炭使硫自养反硝化人工湿地中异养反硝化占比升高,更利于NO3--N去除,同时促进硫酸盐同化还原过程,减少副产物SCO42-产生。本研究阐明了生物炭在硫自养反硝化人工湿地深度净化污水厂尾水中的角色,可为水资源再生循环利用提供理论依据。To explore the effect of biochar on the advanced purification of tailwater of sewage treatment plant by sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification constructed wetland(SADCW)and the potential microbial mechanism,two vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands were established,which were filled with sulfur+limestone(CW-C)NO_(3)^(-)NO_(2)^(-)and sulfur+limestone+almond shell biochar(CW-B),respectively.The concentrations of COD,TN,-N,-N,NH_(4)^(+)SO_(4)^(2-)-N,,and dissolved oxygen(DO)in effluent at different hydraulic retention times(HRTs)were measured.High throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the microbial community structure,and the relative abundance of nitrogen and sulfur cycling functional genes was predicted by using the PICRUSt software.Results showed that the average TN removal rates of CW-C and CW-B at HRT=4 h were 6.18%-21.14%and 5.63%-15.92%NO_(3)^(-)higher than those of other HRTs,respectively;moreover,the-N removal rate of CW-B(mean value 96.66%)was significantly higher than that of CW-C(95.50%,P<0.01)at such HRT.A much lower DO level was created by biochar in the constructed wetland,which increased the relative abundance of the main phyla of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrifying microorganisms,Bacteroidota and Chloroflexi,as well as the main genera,Chlorobium,Geothrix,norank_f_PHOS-HE36,and Thiothrix.At the same time,it also increased the relative abundance of the main phyla of heterotrophic denitrifying microorganisms,Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes,as well as the main genera,norank_f_Caldilineaceae,unclassified_f_Rhodocyclaceae,and Denitratisoma.In addition,the relative abundances of the functional genes(sat,cysH,and sir)related to the assimilatory sulfate reduction process were enhanced in CW-B.The proportion of heterotrophic denitrification was strengthened by biochar addition in NO_(3)^(-)SADCW,which was more conducive to-N removal.Furthermore,biochar also promoted the assimilatory SO_(4)^(2-)sulfate reduction process and reduced by-product production.The study clarified the role o

关 键 词：生物炭 硫自养反硝化 人工湿地 污水厂尾水 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]