基于专利视角的焚烧飞灰研究现状与展望  

Research progress and prospects of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash from the perspective of patent

作　　者：赵晓丹[1] 吴骞 吴昊[2] 田书磊[2] ZHAO Xiaodan;WU Qian;WU Hao;TIAN Shulei(Patent Examination Cooperation(Beijing)Center of the Patent Office,CNIPA;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]国家知识产权局专利局专利审查协作北京中心 [2]中国环境科学研究院固体废物污染控制技术研究所

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第2期683-693,共11页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2019YSKY-027)。

摘　　要：以“焚烧飞灰”为关键词,基于Incopat数据库,对全球申请日截止时间为2023年12月31日的相关专利进行检索,运用Incopat平台中专利技术内容分析模块和Zotero 7.0.3软件进行聚类研究,同时使用Incopat平台的专利价值评估模块以及Origin Pro 2024和Adobe Illustrator 2022软件进行可视化分析。结果表明,自1964年全球首个焚烧飞灰专利申请以来,国内外焚烧飞灰专利技术的申请数量整体呈上升趋势,截至2023年12月31日,全球焚烧飞灰专利技术共3884件,其中中国专利2960件。中国是全球焚烧飞灰专利技术的主要来源国和高价值专利技术的产出国。国内外以及高价值焚烧飞灰专利技术的主要构成均为固体废物的处理,技术用途主要分布于能源-焚烧和方法过程-处理/制备。共现聚类分析发现,中国焚烧飞灰专利技术共5个聚类,分别为资源化、浸出毒性、生活垃圾、高温熔融和飞灰;研究焦点为水洗、飞灰储存、二噁英、浸出毒性、高分子螯合剂、固化体、预处理、胶凝材料;协同处理、建筑材料角度的专利技术是近年来焚烧飞灰专利技术的新兴方法和重点研究方向。Using"municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI)fly ash"as the keyword,the relevant patents with a global application deadline of December 31,2023 were retrieved from the Incopat database.Clustering analysis was conducted by leveraging the patent content analysis module on the Incopat platform in tandem with Zotero 7.0.3 software.Visualization analysis was carried out by utilizing the patent value evaluation module of the Incopat platform,along with Origin Pro 2024 and Adobe Illustrator 2022.The results indicate that since the first global patent application for MSWI fly ash in 1964,the number of patent applications for related technologies has shown an overall upward trend.As of December 31,2023,a total of 3884 patents on MSWI fly ash were identified,among which 2960 were Chinese patents.This demonstrates that China is the primary source country of global MSWI fly ash patent technology and a major producer of high-value patent technology.The core components of both domestic and international,as well as high-value,patented technologies for MSWI fly ash are centered around solid waste treatment.Technological applications are predominantly distributed in the fields of energy-incineration and methodprocess-treatment/preparation.Co-occurrence clustering analysis revealed five distinct clusters within the realm of Chinese MSWI fly ash patent technology,namely resource utilization,leaching toxicity,domestic waste,hightemperature melting,and fly ash.Research efforts primarily focus on aspects such as water washing,fly ash storage,dioxin management,leaching toxicity control,the use of polymer chelating agents,the development of solidifying bodies,pretreatment methods,and gelling materials.Notably,in recent years in China,co-processing and patent technologies about building materials have emerged as novel approaches and crucial research directions.

关 键 词：焚烧飞灰 专利 政策管理 进展 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]