县域生活垃圾协同处置农村固废循环经济模式研究  

Research on the circular economy model of co-disposal of county-level domestic waste and rural solid waste

作　　者：刘馨仪 张晓敏 吴佳[1] 封强 傅泽强[1] 李艳梅 闵耀辉 康禄华 邬娜[1] 刘铮[1] LIU Xinyi;ZHANG Xiaomin;WU Jia;FENG Qiang;FU Zeqiang;LI Yanmei;MIN Yaohui;KANG Luhua;WU Na;LIU Zheng(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Jiangxi Huagan Environmental Technology R&D Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院 [2]江西省华赣环境技术研发有限公司

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第2期694-701,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：江西省华赣环境集团有限公司科研项目(JTKJ-YBXM-2022-011);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2023YSKY-43)。

摘　　要：我国县域生活垃圾具有清运量小、分散等特点,且大量农村固体废物(简称农村固废)尚未有效处置,在国家的支持下,实现焚烧处理能力共用共享及能源替代已成为处理处置的趋势。同时,县域焚烧市场政策向好、缺口大、前景好,亟须探索县域焚烧协同处置农村固废的技术经济性等问题。以300 t/d县域小型垃圾焚烧发电厂为研究对象,基于农村固废种类(污泥、秸秆、畜禽粪便)、掺混比(生活垃圾与农村固废比例分别为95%∶5%、90%∶10%、85%∶15%和80%∶20%)及焚烧余热利用途径(余热发电、直接供热、蒸汽外供、热水外售、热电联产)3个因素,构建了60种垃圾焚烧协同处置农村固废循环经济模式。结果表明:利用300 t/d小型垃圾焚烧设施协同处置农村固废时,生活垃圾与不同农村固废的掺混比为80%∶20%~95%∶5%条件下,采用蒸汽外供、热电联产方式,可获得较高的收益。此外,从技术多元化应用、设备国产化、开展试点示范、搭建智慧平台、政策金融支持等方面提出了对策建议,以期推进县域小型焚烧设施试点的发展。County-level domestic waste in China has the characteristics of small and scattered removal and transportation,and a large amount of rural solid waste has not been effectively disposed of.With the support of the state,the sharing of incineration treatment capacity and energy substitution have become an inevitable trend of treatment and disposal.At the same time,the county-level incineration market policy is improving,and the market gap is large with promising prospects,so it is urgent to explore the technical and economic feasibility of countylevel incineration co-disposal of rural solid waste.This study took a 300 t/d county small-scale waste-to-energy power plant as the object and,based on three types of factors including rural solid waste(sludge,straw,livestock and poultry manure),domestic waste to rural solid waste ratio(95%∶5%,90%∶10%,85%∶15%,80%∶20%)and incineration waste heat utilization(waste heat power generation,direct heating,steam supply,hot water sales,heat and power cogeneration),constructed 60 circular economy model scenarios of domestic waste incineration codisposal of rural solid waste.The results showed that when the 300 t/d small waste incineration facility was used to co-dispose rural solid waste,with the domestic waste to rural solid waste ratio of 80%∶20%-95%∶5%,the adoption of steam external supply and cogeneration could achieve higher income.In addition,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward in aspects such as diversified application of technology,localization of equipment,conducting pilot demonstrations,constructing smart platform,and policy and financial support,in order to promote the development of pilot small-scale incineration facilities in counties.

关 键 词：县域 垃圾焚烧 农村固废 协同处置 循环经济模式 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]