驱油用缓释增黏型微胶囊聚合物的研制  

Development of slow-release and thickening microencapsulated polymers for oil recovery

作　　者：巩锦程 束青林[2] 元福卿 徐辉[1] 董雯[1] 宋倩 GONG Jincheng;SHU Qinglin;YUAN Fuqing;XU Hui;DONG Wen;SONG Qian(Exploration and Development Research Institute,Shengli Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying City,Shandong Province,257015,China;Shengli Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying City,Shandong Province,257000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院,山东东营257015 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司,山东东营257000

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2025年第2期132-141,共10页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目“柔性胶囊聚合物驱提高采收率的基础理论研究”(U21B2070)。

摘　　要：针对聚合物驱油剂存在的注入阻力大和剪切黏度损失大的问题,以聚氨酯预聚体为壳材,以聚合物为芯材,利用反相乳液聚合法和原位聚合法,制备了具有缓释增黏性能的微胶囊聚合物。通过单因素实验研究,确定了乳液的配方和聚合物芯材及微胶囊壳层的制备参数。在复合乳化剂HLB值为6.4、油相体积占比为50%、乳化剂用量为10%的条件下,形成稳定反相乳液;在水相单体用量为45%、引发剂用量为聚合单体的0.04%、反应温度为45℃、反应时间为4.5 h的条件下,制备聚合物芯材,单体转化率为98.44%,溶液表观黏度为13.37 mPa·s;在壳材混合速率为800 r/min、反应温度为50℃、反应时间为4 h、壳芯比为1∶4的条件下,制备微胶囊聚合物,壳层表面光滑完整,圆球度高。表征结果表明,微胶囊聚合物的红外光谱中包含聚合物和聚氨酯的特征峰,表明聚氨酯微胶囊实现了对聚合物的包埋。微胶囊聚合物粒径主要分布于300~500 nm,粒径中值为368 nm,均一性较好,尺寸属于亚微米级。微胶囊聚合物在水中的初始黏度为0.5 mPa·s,5 d后增黏至12.57 mPa·s,90 d的黏度保留率为94.99%,具有较好的缓释增黏性能和热稳定性。剪切速度为12000 r/min时,微胶囊聚合物的黏度保留率为98.25%,具有较好的抗剪切性能。In order to solve the problems of high injection resistance and large shear viscosity loss in polymer flooding agents,the microencapsulated polymers with slow-release and thickening properties were prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization and in situ polymerization with polyurethane prepolymer as the shell material and polymer as the core material.The formulation of the emulsion and the parameters for the preparation of the polymer core and the microcapsule shell were determined by a single factor experiment.A stable inverse emulsion was formed under the conditions of a compound emulsifier with an HLB of 6.4,an oil volume ratio of 50%,and an emulsifier dosage of 10%.Under the conditions of 45%aqueous monomer dosage,certain initiator dosage(0.04%of polymeric monomer),reaction temperature of 45°C,and reaction time of 4.5 h,polymer core materials were prepared with a monomer conversion rate of 98.44%and an apparent viscosity of 13.37 mPa·s in the solution.Under the conditions of a shell material mixing rate of 800 r/min,reaction temperature of 50°C,reaction time of 4 h,and shell-to-core ratio of 1∶4,microencapsulated polymers were prepared.The surface of the microcapsule shell was smooth and intact,with high sphericity.The characterization results show that the infrared spectrum of the microencapsulated polymer contains characteristic peaks of both polymer and polyurethane,indicating that polyurethane microcapsules have achieved the encapsulation of the polymer.The particle size of microencapsulated polymers is mainly distributed between 300 nm and 500 nm,and the median particle size is 368 nm,with good uniformity and sub-micron size.The initial viscosity of microencapsulated polymers in water is 0.5 mPa·s,which increases to 12.57 mPa·s after 5 d.The viscosity retention rate after 90 days is 94.99%,indicating good slow-release and thickening properties and thermal stability.When the shear speed is 12000 r/min,the viscosity retention rate of microencapsulated polymers is 98.25%,indicating good shear resista

关 键 词：聚合物驱 微胶囊聚合物 参数优化 缓释增黏性能 抗剪切性能 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]