[斤虎]簋、伐簋历日与王年考证  

Textual Research on the Bronze Ware Yingui and Fagui Calendars and the King's Year

作　　者：桂珍明 Gui Zhenming

机构地区：[1]复旦大学出土文献与古文字研究中心“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台,上海200433

出　　处：《贵州文史丛刊》2025年第1期8-19,共12页GUIZHOU CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL JOURNAL

基　　金：“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”五年规划项目“出土文献学科建设与中国古典学的当代转型”(项目编号:G2607)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：周代青铜器[斤虎]簋与伐簋两件铜器均是王年、月份、月相、干支四要素俱全的青铜器。在学界对此两件铜器铭文历日和王年认识的基础上,文章以古天文历术“四分术”为主要研究方式,采用月相定点说,着重分析[斤虎]簋、伐簋铭文中的实际天象数据,最终考定[斤虎]簋铭文所载之王年及历日应为周宣王二十八年(前800)正月十五日既生霸丁卯,伐簋铭文所载之王年及历日为周平王七年(前764)正月初吉甲申,亦即是正月初一甲申。Through the bronze wares of Yin gui([斤虎]簋)and Fa Gui(伐簋)of the Zhou Dynasty,are all bronze wares with four elements:the year of king,the month,the day of stem and the moon.On the basis of the academic understanding of the calendar and the year of the king in the bronze inscription,this paper takes the ancient astronomical calendar of the lunar phase Fixed-Point theory as the main research method,adopts the moon phase fixed point theory,and focuses on the actual astronomical data in the inscription of Yin gui([斤虎]簋)and Fa Gui(伐簋).Finally,it is determined that the year of the king and the calendar contained in the inscriptions of Gui should be the year of the king and the calendar in the first month of the 28 th year of King Xuan of Zhou(800 B.C.).The 15 th day of the first month of the Ji Sheng Ba Dingmao,and the date recorded in the Fa Gui(伐簋)are Jia Shen,the first day of the first month of the 7th year of King Ping of the Zhou Dynasty(764 B.C.),i.e.the first day of the first month of the year.

关 键 词：[斤虎]簋 伐簋 月相定点 历日 周宣王 周平王 

分 类 号：K877.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K224[历史地理—历史学]