汽车驱动电机中的稀土钴基永磁材料耐温性能分析  

Analysis of Temperature Resistance of Rare Earth Cobalt based Permanent Magnet Materials in Automotive Drive Motors

作　　者：潘道良 PAN Daoliang(Ningbo Kexing Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波科星材料科技有限公司,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《科技创新与生产力》2025年第3期114-117,122,共5页Sci-tech Innovation and Productivity

摘　　要：永磁体是电动汽车驱动电机的核心磁组件,在电机运行过程中损耗带来的温升将持续影响组件性能,因此文章基于驱动电机的热管理问题探讨了其热量来源,针对制备的钴基永磁体进行了具体测试,通过高温、热稳定性及热循环测试,分析了稀土钴基永磁材料在不同条件下的磁性能变化,发现高温环境下磁能积、剩磁和矫顽力均表现出明显衰减,且这一衰减趋势在长期高温和温度循环交替中难以获得显著改善,特别是极端温度变化显著影响了其性能。研究表明,在电动汽车驱动电机设计中,选择适应高温环境且耐久性良好的钴基永磁材料,对提高电机效率、可靠性和使用寿命具有重要意义。Permanent magnets are core magnetic components of electric vehicle drive motors,and the temperature rise caused by losses during motor operation will continue to affect component performance.Therefore,this paper tests and analyzes the temperature resistance of Cobalt based Samarium Cobalt permanent magnet materials.This paper explores the heat source of drive motors based on thermal management issues of drive motors,and conducts specific tests on the prepared Cobalt based permanent magnets.Through high-temperature,thermal stability,and thermal cycling tests,the magnetic performance changes of rare earth Cobalt based permanent magnet materials under different high-temperature conditions are analyzed.It is found that the magnetic energy product,remanence,and coercivity all show significant attenuation under high-temperature environments,and this attenuation trend is difficult to significantly improve in long-term high-temperature and temperature cycling alternation,especially when extreme temperature changes significantly affect their performance.Research has shown that selecting Cobalt based permanent magnet materials that are suitable for high temperature environments and have good durability in the design of electric vehicle drive motors is of great significance for improving motor efficiency,reliability,and service life.

关 键 词：驱动电机 电机温度 钴基永磁体 钐钴磁体 耐温性 

分 类 号：TM273[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]