碳中和目标下新农村炊事能源替代研究  

Study on Cooking Energy Substitution in New Rural Areas with the Goal of Carbon Neutrality

作　　者：方徐伟 李国建[1] 李权 Fang Xuwei;Li Guojian;Li Quan(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang Sci-tech University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《中外能源》2025年第4期25-30,共6页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：为了早日实现农业农村现代化和“碳中和”目标,新农村地区正积极推动能源工程建设,广泛开展天然气“村村通”项目。通过对杭州市临平区的实地调研,了解到该地区居民都使用液化石油气作为主要的炊事能源,平均每年每户液化石油气消耗量为157.6kg。以此作为基础数据,采用等热值替代法折算出产生相同热值所需要的其他能源消耗量。进而从环境和经济两方面,对天然气和电力替代液化石油气作为主要炊事能源的影响开展研究。以碳排放作为环境评价的衡量标准,天然气相比液化石油气能够有效减排二氧化碳11.7%;而电力(火力发电)相较液化石油气,则会多排放二氧化碳21.9%,对环境造成更多负面影响;相比于单一的天然气用作炊事能源,天然气掺氢技术能够使炊事活动碳排放再减少5.9%。考虑环境成本以及炊事能源费用,液化石油气的经济成本最高,为1524元/a;天然气和电力的经济成本远低于液化石油气,分别为707元/a和606元/a。综合考虑能源替代在碳减排、经济效益方面的影响,目前炊事能源应大力推广综合效益更佳的天然气,电力作为辅助能源则更为合适。In order to achieve the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and the goal of carbon neutrality as soon as possible,new rural areas are actively promoting the construction of energy projects and widely carrying out the project for extending natural gas coverage to every village.Through the field investiga-tion in Linping District of Hangzhou City,it is learned that the residents in this area use LPG as the main cooking energy,and the average annual consumption of LPG per household is 157.6kg.Using this as the basic data,the equivalent calorific value substitution method is used to calculate the consumption of other energy required to produce the same calorific value.Then,the impact of replacing LPG with natural gas and electricity as the main cooking energy is studied from the environmental and economic aspects.Compared with LPG,natural gas can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 11.7%,while electricity(thermal power generation)emits 21.9%more CO_(2)and has more negative impacts on the environment.Compared with the use of natural gas as the sole source of cooking energy,the use of hydrogen-doped natural gas can reduce the carbon emissions from cooking activities by an additional 5.9%.Considering the environmental cost and the cook-ing energy cost,LPG has the highest economic cost,which is 1524yuan/a,and the economic cost of natural gas and electricity is 707yuan/a and 606yuan/a respectively,much lower than that of LPG.Considering the impact of energy substitution on carbon emission reduction and economic benefits,natural gas,which has better comprehensive benefits,should be vigorously promoted as the cooking energy,and it is more appropriate to use electricity as an auxiliary energy.

关 键 词：炊事能源替代 液化石油气 天然气 环境评价 经济成本 掺氢 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]