液氨变色问题分析及改进措施  

Analysis of Liquid Ammonia Entraining Chromogenic Substance and the Improvement Measures

作　　者：孙建伟 王泽爱 龚朝兵 曹祥 Sun Jianwei;Wang Ze'ai;Gong Chaobing;Cao Xiang(CNOOC Huizhou Petrochemicals Company Limited,Huizhou Guangdong 516086)

机构地区：[1]中海油惠州石化有限公司,广东惠州516086

出　　处：《中外能源》2025年第4期76-81,共6页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：当液氨外观带颜色时,会严重影响其销售价格及销路。针对近期液氨带色现象,进行了排查,排除了装置操作参数、油含量、脱硫剂对液氨带色的影响,初步认为是液氨中的挥发酚所致;在氨压机后增上了液氨脱色设施,以活性炭作为吸附剂。液氨脱色设施投用后,液氨显红色现象消失,但后期液氨呈绿色。说明活性炭对挥发酚类具有一定脱除效果,但容易饱和,也说明有多种显色物质共同起作用。公司技术部门做了液氨挥发-冷凝试验,确认该工艺对液氨脱色有效。为解决液氨带色问题,对同类装置进行了调研分析,并确定了相关对策:近期措施是采用脱硫剂+脱色剂级配装填,可以运行较长周期,缺点是运行周期相对偏短;中期措施是对氨结晶器进行技改,降低其操作温度,可以改善但不能根除液氨带色现象;远期措施是增加液氨蒸发-冷凝工艺单元,缺点是能耗较高。If liquid ammonia entrains chromogenic substance,its selling prices and sales will be seriously affected.The recent problem of liquid ammonia entraining chromogenic substance was investigated,and the effects of unit operating parameters,oil content and desulfurizer on liquid ammonia were excluded.It was preliminarily concluded that the volatile phenol in liquid ammonia was the cause.A liquid ammonia decolorization facility was installed downstream the ammonia compressor,and activated carbon was used as the adsorbent.After the liquid ammonia decolorization facility was put into operation,the liquid ammonia was no longer red,instead,it was green in the later stage.It shows that activated carbon has a certain removal effect on volatile phenols,but it is easily saturated.Also,it shows that a variety of chromogenic substances work together.The technical department of the company has done the test of liquid ammonia volatilization and condensation,and confirmed that the process is effective for liquid ammonia decolorization.In order to solve the problem of liq-uid ammonia entraining chromogenic substance,similar units were investigated and analyzed,and relevant countermeasures were determined.The short-term measure is to use the grading loading of desulfurizer and decolorizer,so that the unit can be operated for a long period of time,e.g.4 to 6 months,but the operating cycle is still relatively short.The mid-term measure is to carry out the technical transformation of ammonia crystallizer and reduce its operating temperature,which can improve but cannot eradicate the problem of liquid ammonia entraining chromogenic substance.The long-term measure is to install a liquid ammonia evapora-tion-condensation process unit,but the energy consumption is high.

关 键 词：液氨带色 挥发酚 残余物 吸附 蒸发-冷凝工艺 

分 类 号：TQ1[化学工程]