基于激光点云的输电线路铁塔覆冰厚度识别  

Identification of icing thickness on transmission line towers based on laser point cloud

作　　者：王红霞 杨洋 李孟 赵蓂冠 WANG Hong-xia;YANG Yang;LI Meng;ZHAO Ming-guan(Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co.,Urumqi 830000,China;Xinjiang Power Transmission and Transformation Extreme Environment Operation and Testing Technology Autonomous Region Key Laboratory,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆输变电设备极端环境运行与检测技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《激光与红外》2025年第3期336-342,共7页Laser & Infrared

基　　金：国网新疆电力科技项目(No.5230DK230005)资助。

摘　　要：输电线路铁塔覆冰厚度图像识别容易受到主观因素和恶劣天气的影响,导致识别结果与实际不一致。为了解决该问题,提出了基于激光点云的输电线路铁塔覆冰厚度识别方法。在综合考虑温度、湿度、风速气象因素的影响下,通过机载激光雷达获取输电线路铁塔LiDAR点云数据,利用三维坐标转换算法将其转换为统一坐标系下的三维坐标,以此构建输电线路铁塔三维空间。通过构建的三维空间,获取地面目标三维坐标,通过对图像灰度化处理、边缘提取,选择投影,并构建投影模型。根据点云-像素投影关系,获取实际成像。对比覆冰前后铁塔图像上下边界像素宽度,得到覆冰厚度图像识别结果。由实验验证结果可知,该方法在风速为2 m/s时,与实验数据存在最大误差,为0.5 cm,其余均一致,具有精准的识别效果。The image recognition of ice thickness on transmission line towers is easily affected by subjective factors and adverse weather,resulting in inconsistent recognition results with reality.To address this issue,a method for image recognition of ice thickness on transmission line towers based on airborne laser point clouds is proposed.Taking into account the influence of temperature,humidity,and wind speed meteorological factors,LiDAR point cloud data of transmission line towers is obtained through airborne LiDAR.The three-dimensional coordinate conversion algorithm is used to convert it into three-dimensional coordinates in a unified coordinate system,thereby constructing a three-dimensional space for transmission line towers.By constructing a three-dimensional space,the three-dimensional coordinates of the ground target are obtained.Through grayscale processing and edge extraction of the image,projection is selected and a projection model is constructed.Obtain actual imaging based on the point cloud pixel projection relationship.Compare the pixel widths of the upper and lower boundaries of the iron tower images before and after icing,and obtain the recognition results of the icing thickness image.According to the experimental verification results,it can be seen that this method has the maximum error with the experimental data at a wind speed of 2 m/s,which is 0.5 cm.The rest are consistent,and it has accurate recognition effect.

关 键 词：机载激光点云 气象因素 输电线路 铁塔覆冰厚度 图像识别 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] TM93[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]