低海拔移植对六种杜鹃花幼树叶片功能性状的影响  

Effect of low-altitude transplantation on functional traits of saplings of six Rhododendron species

作　　者：张永强 李明喜 曾文汐 王飞[4] 余海清 张超[4] 邵慧敏[4] 马文宝[5] 董廷发[1,2] ZHANG Yongqiang;LI Mingxi;ZENG Wenxi;WANG Fei;YU Haiqing;ZHANG Chao;SHAO Huimin;MA Wen-bao;DONG Tingfa(College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,Sichuan,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China,Yunnan Key Labo-ratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base Dujiangyan Wild Breeding Research Center,Dujiangyan 611830,Sichuan,China;West Asia Alpine Botanical Garden,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dujiangyan 611830,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Forest and Wetland Ecological Restoration and Conservation,Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China;Institute of Forestry in Kandze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Kandze 626001,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]西南跨境生态安全教育部重点实验室,云南省植物繁殖适应与进化生态学重点实验室,云南大学生态与环境学院,昆明650500 [3]成都大熊猫繁育研究基地都江堰野放繁育研究中心,四川都江堰611830 [4]中国科学院植物研究所华西亚高山植物园,四川都江堰611830 [5]四川省林业科学研究院森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川重点实验室,成都610081 [6]四川省甘孜藏族自治州林业科学研究所,四川甘孜626001

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第3期713-719,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0094);四川省创新团队岗位项目(LCTD2023CZ01-6);四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验室开放课题(2021KCPB-02);甘孜州科技计划项目(220013)资助。

摘　　要：叶片功能性状被广泛用于表征植物对环境变化的响应与适应。杜鹃花作为重要的园艺和具有生态价值物种,对热的敏感性限制了其在低海拔地区的生存,然而基于功能性状分析杜鹃花如何响应暖化气候诱发的热效应的研究还较少。本研究以四川都江堰地区的6种杜鹃花属幼树为对象,采用低海拔移植的手段,比较了叶片形态(单叶重(LM)、单叶面积(LA)、叶厚(LT)、比叶面积(SLA))、叶干物质含量(LDMC)、养分(叶氮(N)、磷(P)、氮磷比(N/P))和净光合速率(P_(n))性状在两个海拔之间的差异。结果表明:(1)高海拔(1800 m)下6种杜鹃花的叶片形态(除比叶面积)、养分(除叶磷)、P_(n)在物种之间有差异显著,但在低海拔移植(550 m)后,杜鹃花的叶干物质含量和P_(n)在种间无显著差异。(2)总体上,低海拔移植显著增加了比叶面积、P_(n)、叶氮和磷含量,减少了单叶重、单叶面积、叶厚和叶干物质含量,且这些性状的响应强度在不同物种间不同。(3)从性状之间的关系来看,高海拔生境下P_(n)与比叶面积、叶氮含量和氮磷比均呈显著正相关,而低海拔移植后这些关系均不显著。这些结果暗示不同杜鹃花物种对温度升高的敏感性不一致。本研究结果可为理解杜鹃花属植物响应与适应全球气候变暖提供科学依据。Leaf functional traits have been widely used to characterize plant responses and adaptations to environmental changes.Rhododendron spp.are important horticultural and ecologically valuable species,the heat sensitivity of which limits their survival in lowaltitude areas.However,few studies have examined the response of Rhododendron to climate warming based on functional traits.In this study,we compared the differences in leaf morphology[leaf mass(LM),leaf area(LA),leaf thickness(LT),specific leaf area(SLA)],leaf dry matter content(LDMC),nutrients[leaf nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),nitrogenphosphorus ratio(N/P)]and net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))of saplings of six Rhododendron species at two altitudes in Dujiangyan area of Sichuan Province.The results showed that:(1)There were significant differences in leaf morphology(except SLA),nutrient concentrations(except leaf P),and P_(n)among the six Rhododendron species at high altitude(1800 m),but no significant difference in LMDC and P_(n)between species after transplantation at low altitude(550 m).(2)In general,lowaltitude transplantation significantly increased SLA,P_(n),N and P,and decreased LM,LA,LT and LDMC.The response magnitudes of these traits were different among different species.(3)For the trait correlations,P_(n)was significantly positively correlated with SLA,N content and N/P in highaltitude habitats,but not significantly after lowaltitude transplantation.These results implied inconsistent sensitivity of different Rhododendron species to temperature increases.Our results can provide a scientific basis for understanding the responses and adaptation of Rhododendron species in the context of global warming.

关 键 词：气候变暖 叶片功能性状 海拔 比叶面积 

分 类 号：S685.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]