衡水湖典型挺水植物腐解规律  

Decomposition of typical emergent plants in Hengshui Lake

作　　者：张冰烨 黄法铭 孙宁 谢培 孙明东 乔飞[1] ZHANG Bingye;HUANG Faming;SUN Ning;XIE Pei;SUN Mingdong;QIAO Fei(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉430062

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第3期790-797,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：生态环境部部门预算项目(102144220260000009012);衡水湖国家自然保护区咨询项目(YTZ022003S18016);黄河流域入河排污口特征分析及管控对策研究(2022-YRUC-01-0603-05)资助。

摘　　要：挺水植物腐解时会释放氮、磷等营养物质到水体中,进而影响到湿地水体水质、生态系统的稳定性,甚至湿地的碳素与物质循环等。开展挺水植物腐解规律研究对探究自然水体营养物质循环过程具有重要意义。选取衡水湖中2种挺水植物优势种芦苇(Phragmites australis)和香蒲(Typha latifolia)作为对象,定量研究不同氮浓度水平下典型挺水植物的腐解规律,探讨不同条件下挺水植物腐解过程的营养物质释放对水质的影响。结果表明:芦苇和香蒲腐解残留率和对水质影响存在差异,两者腐解过程具有明显的阶段性;植物残留率表现为“前期快、后期慢”的阶段性特征,高氮条件下能够在前期提升两种植物残体分解速率20%左右,但并不影响植物的最终腐解率;腐解水体水质指标表现为“缓慢上升-迅速上升-缓慢下降”的变化趋势,芦苇腐解对水质的影响明显高于香蒲腐解,但高氮条件未对水体营养物质浓度造成明显影响。During the decomposition of emergent plants,nutrients are released into water,which will influence water quality,ecosystem stability,and even material cycling in the wetland.It is important to study the decomposition of emergent plants for the understanding of nutrient cycling in the wetland.In this study,we examined the degradation patterns of Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia,two typical aquatic plant species in Hengshui Lake,under different nitrogen concentrations.We further analyzed the effects of nutrient release on water quality during decomposition.The results showed that there were significant differences between those two species in terms of residue rate and effect on water quality.The decomposition process of both species had obvious stages.The residue rate was higher at the beginning and lower in the later stage.The decomposition rate of both species was improved by about 20%at the beginning,but the final degradation rate was not affected.The water quality indices during the decomposition of both species showed a trend of“slow rise-rapid rise-slow decline”.The effect of Phragmites australis decomposition on water quality was significantly higher than that of Typha latifolia,but the high nitrogen condition had no obvious effect on nutrient concentration in the water.

关 键 词：挺水植物 腐解 氮 水质 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]