山西省典型小麦种植区土壤硒锌赋存形态  

The forms of selenium and zinc in the soil of typical wheat-growing areas in Shanxi Province

作　　者：王灏滢 杨立帆 陈婷 刘洋[1] 石馨晔 栗丽[1,2] 李廷亮 WANG Haoying;YANG Lifan;CHEN Ting;LIU Yang;SHI Xinye;LI Li;LI Tingliang(College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China;Provincial Ministry Collaborative Innovation Centre for Quality and Efficient Production of Specialty Crops on the Loess Plateau,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [2]黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第3期912-919,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心基金项目(SBGJXTZX-25);国家自然科学基金项目(42377356);晋中国家农高区农业资源与环境教授;博士工作站项目(JZNGQBSGZZ002);山西省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20230171)资助。

摘　　要：探究山西省小麦种植区土壤硒、锌形态赋存差异,可为当地小麦提质增效生产及功能农业发展提供理论依据。本研究在山西省小麦典型种植区选择高、中、低硒、锌水平样点,测定土壤硒、锌各形态含量、土壤有机质(SOM)、阳离子交换量(CEC)以及土壤矿物组成,分析不同水平硒、锌的形态赋存差异及其影响因素。结果表明:不同水平土壤硒形态含量均表现为有机结合态(39.1%~53.8%)>残渣态(33.5%~48.9%)>交换态+碳酸盐结合态(5.2%~5.9%)>铁锰氧化物结合态(3.4%~4.5%)>水溶态(1.0%~3.1%),不同水平土壤锌形态含量均表现为残渣态(81.0%~86.3%)>有机结合态(6.5%~8.1%)>铁锰氧化物结合态(6.2%~7.5%)>碳酸盐结合态(0.7%~1.9%)>交换态(0.3%~1.5%)。有机结合态硒和残渣态硒是引起土壤总硒含量差异的主要形态,二者对土壤硒含量差异的贡献率分别达55.2%和32.2%;残渣态锌是引起土壤总锌差异的主要形态,其对土壤锌含量差异的贡献率达77.4%。随总硒含量增加,残渣态硒所占比例明显下降,有机结合态硒比例明显上升;随总锌含量增加,残渣态锌所占比例呈下降趋势,其他形态锌均呈微弱增加趋势。除残渣态硒外,SOM与不同形态硒、锌均呈显著或极显著正相关(r=0.74~0.93),而CEC与硒、锌含量均未达到显著相关性,各形态硒、锌与对应全量硒、锌的相关性最高(r>0.95)。矿物成分分析表明,不同硒水平土壤矿物成分表现为高水平硒土壤中黄铁矿、角闪石、滑石和黏土矿物含量显著高于中水平或低水平硒土壤;不同锌水平土壤矿物成分表现为高水平锌土壤中白云石、黄铁矿、角闪石含量显著高于中水平或低水平锌土壤。山西省小麦种植区土壤不同硒、锌水平条件下其各赋存形态含量差异整体上决定于总量含量差异,土壤矿物成分是硒、锌含量差异的物质基础,有机质是土壤硒、锌形态变化的驱动力。Clarifying the differences in soil selenium and zinc forms of wheat growing areas can provide theoretical basis for improving wheat quality and production efficiency and facilitate functional agriculture development.In this study,soil samples with high,medium and low levels of selenium and zinc were collected from typical wheat planting areas in Shanxi Province.The contents of soil selenium and zinc,soil organic matter(SOM),cation exchange capacity(CEC)and soil mineral composition were measured,and the differences of selenium and zinc forms in different levels and the influencing factors were further analyzed.The results showed that the sequence of different selenium forms was organically bound state(39.1%-53.8%)>residue state(33.5%-48.9%)>exchange+carbonate bound state(5.2%-5.9%)>Fe-Mn oxide-bound state(3.4%-4.5%)>water soluble state(1.0%-3.1%).The zinc content of different forms in all samples was residue state(81.0%-86.3%)>organically bound state(6.5%-8.1%)>Fe-Mn oxide-bound state(6.2%-7.5%)>carbonate-bound state(0.7%-1.9%)>exchange state(0.3%-1.5%).Organically bound selenium and residual selenium caused the difference of soil total selenium content,with contribution rate of 55.2%and 32.2%,respectively.Residual zinc was the main form causing the difference of soil total zinc,with a contribution rate of 77.4%.With the increases of total selenium content,the proportion of residual selenium decreased obviously,and the proportion of organically bound selenium increased obviously.With the increases of total zinc content,the proportion of residual zinc decreased,and the other forms of zinc increased slightly.Except for residual selenium,SOM was positively correlated with different forms of selenium and zinc(r=0.74-0.93),while CEC was not correlated with different selenium and zinc levels.The correlation between all selenium and zinc forms and corresponding total selenium and zinc was the highest(r>0.95).The mineral composition analysis showed that the contents of pyrite,hornblende,talc and clay minerals in soil with

关 键 词：小麦种植区 土壤硒形态 土壤锌形态 矿物组成 

分 类 号：S153.4[农业科学—土壤学]