青藏高原国家公园群区域性主导功能群组识别及管理优化策略  

Identification of the dominant functional groups and management strategies for the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau national park cluster

作　　者：张智 孔维龙 汤凌 王植 张丛林 樊杰 黄宝荣[1,2] ZHANG Zhi;KONG Weilong;TANG Ling;WANG Zhi;ZHANG Conglin;FAN Jie;HUANG Baorong(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Public Policy and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Public Administration and Policy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院,北京100049 [3]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [5]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第6期2545-2557,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0401);国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230510);中国科学院-青海省人民政府三江源国家公园联合研究专项(E2X2931601)。

摘　　要：我国自然保护地体系整合优化在增强生物多样性和生态系统服务保护整体布局的同时,仍然面临保护地之间及其与周边区域的战略协作不足的现实挑战。以青藏高原国家公园群为例,分析了土壤保持、水源涵养、防风固沙和栖息地维持等主要生态系统服务的时空变化特征,从区域联动视角,通过聚类分析识别了区域性主导功能群组,并提出了管理优化策略。研究结果表明:(1)国家公园群整体土壤保持、水源涵养和防风固沙平均服务量分别占青藏高原相应生态系统服务量的17.31%、18.18%和24.09%,且平均综合生态系统服务指数呈现逐年小幅增长趋势;(2)基于生态系统服务空间分布特征的PCA分析和K-means聚类将青藏高原国家公园群划分为青藏高原气候和地缘安全屏障、西北部防风固沙屏障、河西走廊生态安全屏障、东缘水土资源安全屏障和国际河流生态安全屏障等区域性主导功能群组;(3)强化国家公园主导功能群组内部联动、群组与周边区域协同互补以及管控两者联动过程中造成的潜在生态风险等三个方面,提出了区域性主导功能群组的协同管理和优化策略。研究可为青藏高原自然保护地规划管控和生态安全屏障体系优化提供理论和实践参考。While the reform of China′s protected areas system has contributed to optimizing the overall layout of regional ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation,challenges remain regarding insufficient strategic cooperation among protected areas and with adjacent regions.Using Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)national park clusters as a case,we analyzed the spatio-temporal characteristics of key ecosystem services including soil conservation,water conservation,sand fixation,and habitat quality,within the QTP national park clusters.From a regional interaction perspective,we conducted cluster analysis to identify regional dominant functional groups and propose management optimization strategies.The results indicate that:(1)the average values of soil conservation,water conservation,and sand fixation within the national park clusters account for 17.31%,18.18%,and 24.09%of the QTP,respectively,with the average comprehensive ecosystem service index showing a slight annual increase;(2)PCA and K-means clustering,based on ecosystem services,divide the QTP national park clusters into five regional dominant functional groups.These groups are defined as follows:a climate and geopolitical security barrier in the QTP,ecological security for the Hexi Corridor,an international river ecological security barrier,a soil-water conservation barrier,and a sand fixation barrier in the east and northwest of the QTP;(3)we propose recommendations on how to further promote collaboration among dominant functional groups and between them and adjacent regions,as well as to foster social-ecological resilience in the future.This study provides insights for the sustainable management of protected areas and the safeguard of ecological barrier systems on the QTP.

关 键 词：自然保护地 生态系统服务 适应性管理 生态补偿 社会-生态韧性 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]